text cyrillic diplomatic lemma PoS_tag PoS_ext sent_id UD_id UD_ncy UD_type UD_ext page folio translation eol chapter ref desc
Ŋaw°na-nta Нгвнанта ŋawᵊnanta ŋaw°na adv.poss-3sg 1 1 2 advmod 1 https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Nenets_reindeer_sledge.jpg Long ago there lived two Wayas. 0 nnt - Tale of Two Wayas (Tundra Nenets) Tale of Two Wayas
A Tundra Nenets text from Vasilij Jar, recorded by Kazimir Labanauskas, rewritten using Latin-based orthography by Irina Nikolaeva (2014:432-460) and the Finno-Ugric phonetic alphabet (FUT) for the diplomatic transcript.
References
Körtvély, Erika (2005) Verb Conjugation in Tundra Nenets. Szeged: SzTE Finnugor Tanszék.
Nikolaeva, Irina (2014) A Grammar of Tundra Nenets. Berlin: De Gruyter. (pdf).
Salminen, Tapani (2023) Tundra Nenets: A Grammatical Sketch. (pdf).
Picture: wikipedia (link)
ŋəmke-da wǣwa?
xunana-nta хунананта χunananta xunana adv.poss-3sg 1 2 5 advmod
sʹidʹa сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 1 3 4 nummod
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 1 4 5 nsubj
tənʹa-wex°h. танявэхэ’. təńaweχᵊɁ tənʹa 3dl.prs.infr 1 5 0 root inferential/narrative (N. 93)
default (present/aorist) tense is unmarked (N. 80), not indicated in glosses by Nikolaeva
Sʹidʹa Сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 2 1 2 nummod The two Wayas lived on the river bank.
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 2 2 5 nsubj default singular and nominative/absolutive case are morphologically unmarked (and, again, not glossed by Nikolaeva)
yəxa-h яха’ jəχaɁ yəxa sg.gen 2 3 4 nmod
war°-xəna вархана warᵊχəna war° sg.loc 2 4 5 obl loc
yilʹe-wex°h. илевэхэ’. jiľeweχᵊɁ yilʹe 3dl.prs.infr 2 5 0 root
Yi-tʹa Ича jiťa yi sg.nom.poss-3sg 3 1 3 nmod The width of the river which flows in the Northern Sea (lit. of stinking water) is hundred fathoms.
ŋəbtʹe-nʹa нгабченя ŋəbťeńa ŋəbtʹe ptcp-ipf 3 2 1 acl participles: for relative clauses, they ”define a fully-fledged clausal domain” (types: ipf, pf, fut, neg; N. 107)
yam-t°h ямд’ jamtᵊɁ yam sg.dat 3 3 4 obl lat dative: has a lative (denoting motion towards) function as well, as in Mansi
xaqmor-ta ха”морта χaɁmorta xaqmor ptcp-ipf 3 4 5 acl
yəxa-h яха’ jəχaɁ yəxa sg.gen 3 5 0 root nsubj
lata лата lata lata A 3 6 5 obl pred
yur юр” jur yur Ml 3 7 8 nummod
tʹībʹa, чибя, ťībʹa tʹībʹa sg.nom 3 8 6 nmod
tərcʹa тарча tərća tərcʹa Pr 4 1 2 amod det They lived near such a river, by the rivermouth.
yəxa-h яха’ jəχaɁ yəxa sg.gen 4 2 4 obl
xǣw°xəna хэвхана χǣwᵊχəna xǣw°xəna S 4 3 2 case
yilʹe-wex°h, илевэхэ’, jiľeweχᵊɁ yilʹe 3dl.prs.infr 4 4 0 root
yəxa-h яха’ jəχaɁ yəxa sg.gen 4 5 6 nmod
mal°-xəna. малхана. malᵊχəna mal° sg.loc 4 6 4 obl loc 1
Yəxa-dʹih Яхади’ jəχaďiɁ yəxa sg.nom.poss-3dl 5 1 4 nsubj Their river split into two channels.
sʹidʹa сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 5 2 3 nummod
tarka-w°na таркавна tarkawᵊna tarka sg.prol 5 3 4 obl
xǣ-wi°, хэвы, χǣwiᵊ xǣ 3sg.prs.infr 5 4 0 root
mʹa-tʹih мячи’ mʹaťiɁ mʹa sg.nom.poss-3dl 6 1 4 nsubj Their tent stood on the cape of the split
tarka тарка tarka tarka sg.nom 6 2 3 nmod
səlʹa-xəna саляна səľaχəna səlʹa sg.loc 6 3 4 obl loc
ŋǣ-wi°. нгэвы. ŋǣwiᵊ ŋǣ 3sg.prs.infr 6 4 0 root
Tʹiki° Чики ťikiᵊ tʹiki° Pd 7 1 3 det These two Wayas didn’t have many reindeer, only 300
sʹidʹa сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 7 2 3 nummod
Wayə-nt° Ваянт Wajəntᵊ Waya sg.gen.poss-2sg 7 3 6 obl poss
ŋoka нгока ŋoka ŋoka A 7 4 5 amod
tedʹih тыди’ teďiɁ ti pl.nom.poss-3dl 7 5 6 nsubj
yəŋku-q, юнггу”, jəŋkuɁ yəŋku neg.poss-3pl 7 6 0 root non-verbal predicates, inflected for tense: pos tənʹa°, neg yəŋku (N. 250)
tedʹih тыди’ teďiɁ ti pl.nom.poss-3dl 7 7 5 appos
nʹax°r няхар” ńaχᵊr nʹax°r Ml 7 8 9 nummod
yur. юр”. jur yur Ml 7 9 7 nummod
Nʹax°r Няхар” ńaχᵊr nʹax°r Ml 8 1 2 nummod Five children of the older Waya were busy looking after (lit. gathering) their 300 reindeer.
yur юр” jur yur Ml 8 2 3 nummod
teko-cʹa-mtʹih текочамчи tekoćamťiɁ ti sg.acc.dim.poss-3dl 8 3 4 obj
məq°lampə-da-ŋe° малламбада məɁᵊlampədaŋeᵊ məq°lampə ptcp-ipf.ess 8 4 8 acl essive -ŋe° (N. 39)
ŋarka нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 8 5 6 amod
Way°-h Вай’ WajᵊɁ Waya sg.gen 8 6 8 nmod poss
səmp°lʹaŋk° самблянгг səmpᵊľaŋkᵊ səmp°lʹaŋk° Ml 8 7 8 nummod
ŋəcʹeki° нгачекы ŋəćekiᵊ ŋəcʹeki° sg.nom 8 8 9 nsubj
tənʹa°. таня. təńaᵊ tənʹa° pos 8 9 0 root
Ŋarka Нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 9 1 2 amod The older Waya was married,
Wayə-r° Ваяр Wajərᵊ Waya sg.nom.poss-2sg 9 2 0 root nsubj
nʹe-sawey°, несавей, ńesawejᵊ nʹe sg.nom.propr 9 3 2 obl pred proprietive -sawey° (N. 32)
nʹudʹa нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 10 1 2 amod (but) the younger Waya didn’t have a wife yet
Wayə-nt° Ваянт Wajəntᵊ Waya sg.gen 10 2 5 obl poss
nʹe-da неда ńeda nʹe sg.nom.poss-3sg 10 3 5 nsubj
təmna тамна təmna təmna R 10 4 5 advmod
yəŋku. юнггу. jəŋku yəŋku neg 10 5 0 root
Nʹa-nta Нянта ńanta nʹa (2) sg.gen.poss-3sg 11 1 2 nmod poss He lived in his brother’s tent.
mʹa-k°na мякана mʹakᵊna mʹa sg.loc 11 2 3 obl loc
yilʹe° иле. jiľeᵊ yilʹe 3sg.prs 11 3 0 root
Sʹa°qni° Сяны śaᵊɁniᵊ sʹa°qni° R 12 1 2 advmod Once, the older Waya said:
ŋǣ-b°-ta нгэбту’ ŋǣbᵊta ŋǣ cond.poss-3sg 12 2 7 advcl Nenets conditional is technically a non-finite form, using nominal possessive (not predicative) endings to mark the subject (N. 110).
ŋoq нго” ŋoɁ ŋoq R 12 3 2 advmod
ŋarka нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 12 4 5 amod
Wayə-r° Ваяр Wajərᵊ Waya sg.nom.poss-2sg 12 5 7 nsubj definite use of poss.suffix: ʹand this Waya of yours...ʹ
ʹa raz ti tento tvoj veľký Waya, no čože ti nepovie!ʹ
nʹī=w°q нив” ńīwᵊɁ nʹī neg dub 12 6 7 aux dubitative =m°h ʹindeedʹ (N. 121)
man°-q: ман”: manᵊɁ ma conneg 12 7 0 root connegative form (formally as subj. 2sg.imp: ʹindeed do say!ʹ, N. 115)
“Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 13 1 2 amod ʺLittle Waya, autumn has arrived.ʺ
Wayeq, Вае”, WajeɁ Waya sg.nom.foc 13 2 5 vocative focus =(ŋo)w°/=ey° (N. 118)
num-ta нумта numta num sg.nom.poss-3sg 13 3 5 advmod ??
tʹedaxəw°h чедав’ ťedaχəwᵊɁ tʹedah adv.aff 13 4 5 advmod affirmative -xəwa (N. 129)
ŋerʹoy°-ma. нгэрёйма. ŋerʹojᵊma ŋerʹo an-pf 13 5 0 root annotated autumn.V by Nikolaeva
Temʹih Тэми’ temʹiɁ ti sg.nom.poss-1dl 14 1 0 root nsubj ʺWe have 300 reindeer.ʺ
nʹax°r няхар” ńaχᵊr nʹax°r Ml 14 2 3 nummod
yur. юр”. jur yur Ml 14 3 1 obl pred 1
Yilʹebcʹə°-m Илебчам’ jiľebćəᵊm yilʹebcʹə° sg.acc 15 1 2 obj ʺLet’s go hunting for wild reindeer.ʺ
xada-wəncʹ° хадаванчь χadawənćᵊ xada conv.purp 15 2 3 advcl purposive converb/final gerund -məncʹ° (ʹto huntʹ, ~ ловитъ?, N. 110)
converbs: frozen case forms of deverbal nouns
xǣ-x°-waq. хэхэва”. χǣχᵊwaɁ xǣ 1pl.hort 15 3 0 root
Te-sawey° Тэсавей tesawejᵊ ti sg.nom.propr 16 1 2 obl pred ʺWe will travel on reindeer.ʺ
xan°tə°-nʹih. хантани’. χanᵊtəᵊńiɁ xǣ 1dl.fut 16 2 0 root
Nʹūk°cʹi-nʹi Нюкчини ńūkᵊćińi ŋəcʹeki° pl.nom.poss-1dl 17 1 3 nsubj ʺMy children will stay at home to protect the tent.ʺ
mʹa-k°na мякана mʹakᵊna mʹa sg.loc 17 2 3 obl loc
xayoya-q хаёя” χajojaɁ xay 3pl.juss 17 3 0 root
mʹad°-m мядм’ mʹadᵊm mʹa sg.acc 17 4 5 obj
let°rampə-°. лэтрамба. letᵊrampəᵊ let°rampə conv.mod 17 5 3 advcl modal converb -° (ʹwhile protectingʹ, ~ хранѧще?, N. 110)
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 18 1 2 amod The little Waya said:
Wayə-r° Ваяр Wajərᵊ Waya sg.nom.poss-2sg 18 2 3 nsubj
ma-sʹey° манома: maśejᵊ ma 3sg.pst.foc 18 3 0 root Cyr. form differs, as given by Nikolaeva
“ŋǣ°-ya=wa. Нгэява. ŋǣᵊjawa ŋǣ 3sg.juss asrt 19 1 0 root ʺOk.ʺ assertive =ma/=wa (N. 120)
Tərʹem Тарем’ tərʹem tərʹem Qg 20 1 2 advmod ʺIf you say so, what (could go) wrong?”
mam-pə-t° мамбат mampətᵊ ma cond.poss-2sg 20 2 3 advcl
ŋəmke-da нгамгэда ŋəmkeda ŋəmke sg.nom.poss-3sg 20 3 0 root
wǣwa?” вэва? wǣwa wǣwa A 20 4 3 obl pred
Xūnʹana Хуняна χūńana xūnʹana R 21 1 2 advmod The next morning they got up and ate.
yurkiə-d°q, юркыд” jurkiədᵊɁ yurkiə 3sg.prs.refl 21 2 0 root
ŋo°rŋa-q. нгорнга”. ŋoᵊrŋaɁ ŋo°rŋa 3pl.prs 21 3 2 conj
Tə-h Там təɁ tə (2) sg.gen 22 1 2 nmod Then they made a small summer tent.
mʹadʹi-ko-də-mtoh мядикодамту’ mʹaďikodəmtoɁ mʹa sg.acc.dim.predest-3pl 22 2 3 obj acc. predestinative: object of ”typically verbs of creation and change of location” (N. 74)
sʹerta-q. серта”. śertaɁ sʹerta 3pl.prs 22 3 0 root
Ŋəmke-rʹi-h Нгамгэри’ ŋəmkerʹiɁ ŋəmke sg.gen.lim 23 1 4 obl Why have a big tent when you can have a small one? A small tent to carry on a small sledge! limitative -rʹi (ʹonlyʹ, N. 124)
toql°xa толаха toɁlᵊχa toql°xa R 23 2 1 amod
mʹadʹi-ko-cʹa мядикоча mʹaďikoća mʹa sg.nom.dim 23 3 4 nsubj
ŋǣ-b°-ta нгэбта ŋǣbᵊta ŋǣ cond.poss-3sg 23 4 9 advcl syntax: ??
ŋoq, нго”, ŋoɁ ŋoq R 23 5 4 advmod
ŋəmke нгамгэ ŋəmke ŋəmke sg.nom 23 6 9 obl pred
ŋarka нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 23 7 8 amod
mʹaq мя” mʹaɁ mʹa sg.nom 23 8 9 nsubj
ŋǣ-w°na, нгэвна, ŋǣwᵊna ŋǣ 3sg.reput 23 9 0 root reputative -məna/-w°na (ʹas ifʹ, ending as nominal prolative?, ”some kind of irrealis comparision”, N. 104)
glossed ”rep” in the source
mʹapoy° мяпой mʹapojᵊ mʹapoy° sg.nom 23 10 9 obl
mʹadʹi-ko-cʹa. мядикоча. mʹaďikoća mʹa sg.nom.dim 23 11 10 nmod 1
Ŋarka Нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 24 1 2 amod The older Waya seemed to have about 50 sledges.
Wayə-nt° Ваяр Wajəntᵊ Waya sg.gen.poss-2sg 24 2 7 obl poss
səmp°lʹaŋk° самблянгг səmpᵊľaŋkᵊ səmp°lʹaŋk° Ml 24 3 4 nummod
yūd° юд jūdᵊ yūq Ml 24 4 6 nummod
mʹan° мян mʹanᵊ mʹan° R 24 5 4 amod
xən° хан χənᵊ xən° sg.nom 24 6 7 obj
ŋǣ-darəxa. нгэрха. ŋǣdarəχa ŋǣ 3sg.prs.aprx-ipf 24 7 0 root approximative (situation witnessed by or familiar to the speaker, N. 101)
Xənʹaŋi° Ханянгы χəńaŋiᵊ xənʹaŋi° sg.nom 25 1 3 nsubj Some of them were loaded,
tʹer°-sawey° черсавэй ťerᵊsawejᵊ tʹer° sg.nom.propr 25 2 3 obl pred
ŋǣ-daki°-q, нгэдякы”, ŋǣdakiᵊɁ ŋǣ 3pl.prs.prob-ipf 25 3 0 root probabilitative (based on -t(ʹ)aqxiə, less certain than dubitative, N. 99)
xənʹaŋidoh ханянгыду’ χəńaŋidoɁ xənʹaŋi° sg.nom.poss-3pl 26 1 3 nsubj and some were empty.
tʹer°sʹə-da черсяда ťerᵊśəda tʹer° ptcp-ipf 26 2 3 obl pred
ŋǣ-daki°-q. нгэдякы”. ŋǣdakiᵊɁ ŋǣ 3pl.prs.prob-ipf 26 3 0 root
Ŋarka Нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 27 1 2 amod Older Waya’s wife took ten sledges.
Way°-h Вай’ WajᵊɁ Waya sg.gen 27 2 3 nmod poss
nʹe не ńe nʹe sg.nom 27 3 6 nsubj
yūq ю” jūɁ yūq Ml 27 4 5 nummod
xən°-m ханм’ χənᵊm xən° sg.acc 27 5 6 obj
soda°. сода. sodaᵊ soda° 3sg.prs 27 6 0 root
Xūnʹana Хуняна χūńana xūnʹana R 28 1 2 advmod The next day they left.
yamteyə-d°q. ямдэйд”. jamtejədᵊɁ yamteyə 3pl.prs.refl 28 2 0 root
Ŋǣrʹo-h Нгэрё’ ŋǣrʹoɁ ŋerʹo sg.gen 29 1 5 obl The three of them set off travelling in the month of great darkness, in autumn, in the month of wild reindeer bulls (October). genitive: marks some temporal adjuncts (N. 61)
lit.: In autumn (gen), in the month of bulls (loc?), of their moving in the month of big darkness (acc??), they, being tree, were. (?)
yolcʹ°ŋkəna ёльчанггана, jolćᵊŋkəna yolcʹ°ŋkəna S adv.loc 29 2 1 case
mər°-q мар” mərᵊɁ mər° pl.gen 29 3 4 nmod
yiri°-xəna ирыхана, jiriᵊχəna yiri° sg.loc 29 4 1 appos
yamta-wa-ntoh ямдаванту’ jamtawantoɁ yamta an-ipf.gen.poss-3pl 29 5 10 advcl imperfective action nominal/infinitive: clausal nominalization denoting simultaneous or posterior event (ʹof movingʹ, грѧдѫщїихъ?, perfective denote anterior ones, N. 108)
ŋarka нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 29 6 7 amod
pǣw°dʹa-h пэвдё pǣwᵊďaɁ pǣw°dʹa sg.gen 29 7 8 nmod
yiri°-m ирым’ jiriᵊm yiri° sg.acc 29 8 4 appos
nʹax°r-ŋe° няхарнгэ ńaχᵊrŋeᵊ nʹax°r Ml sg.ess 29 9 10 nsubj
meŋa-q. мэнга”. meŋaɁ ŋǣ 3pl.prs 29 10 0 root Morphem -ŋa is regularily attached to vowel-final stems (N. 26). It also appears as an augmentative suffix (p.139).
Ŋarka Нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 30 1 2 amod When the great darkness had finished, the sun started to appear little by little. lit. ѿ веле-тьмꙑ съврьшенїа, по малꙋ слъньце мꙋ ꙗви сѧ
pǣw°dʹa-h пэвдя’ pǣwᵊďaɁ pǣw°dʹa sg.gen 30 2 3 nsubj
yolcʹ°-qma-xəd° ёльчемахад jolćᵊɁmaχədᵊ yolcʹ° an-pf.abl 30 3 6 advcl
xəcʹah хача χəćaɁ xəcʹah R 30 4 6 advmod
xayer-ta хаерта χajerta xayer sg.nom.poss-3sg 30 5 6 nsubj
ŋədʹimʹa. нгадимя. ŋəďimʹa ŋədʹi 3sg.prs.inch 30 6 0 root
Tʹedaxəw° Чедав’ ťedaχəwᵊ tʹedah adv.aff 31 1 0 root There were many wild reindeer at that time.
yilʹ°bcʹə-q ильча” jiľᵊbćəɁ yilʹebcʹə° pl.nom 31 2 1 nsubj
ŋoka=nʹuq. нгоканю”. ŋokańuɁ ŋoka A excl 31 3 2 amod exclamative!
Ŋarka Нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 32 1 2 amod The older Waya said:
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 32 2 3 nsubj
ma-sʹey° манома: maśejᵊ ma 3sg.pst.foc 32 3 0 root
“Tʹukon°h Тюкон’ ťukonᵊɁ tʹukon°h adv.dat 33 1 2 advmod ”Let’s camp here!” directional adverb (N. 50)
ŋeso-xə-waq!” нгэсохава”! ŋesoχəwaɁ ŋeso 1pl.hort 33 2 0 root 1
Mʹa-toh Мяту’ mʹatoɁ mʹa sg.acc.poss-3pl 34 1 3 obj They set up a tent there. formally nom? (acc.poss-3pl: -m-toh, N. 67)
tə-h та’ təɁ tə adv.gen 34 2 3 advmod
me°-doh. мэду’. meᵊdoɁ me° 3pl.prs.obj-sg 34 3 0 root
Teko-cʹi-doh Тэкочиду’ tekoćidoɁ ti sg.nom.dim.poss-3pl 35 1 4 nsubj They had about 60 reindeer.
mət°q мат” mətᵊɁ mət°q Ml 35 2 3 nummod
yūq ю” jūɁ yūq Ml 35 3 1 nummod
ŋǣ-daki°. нгэдакы. ŋǣdakiᵊ ŋǣ 3sg.prs.prob 35 4 0 root
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 36 1 2 amod The younger Waya saw:
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 36 2 3 nsubj
si°rŋa, сырнга: siᵊrŋa si°rŋa 3sg.prs 36 3 0 root
nʹer°nʹana нерняна ńerᵊńana nʹer°nʹana R 37 1 5 advmod there was a river with willow bushes on the bank in front of them.
nʹero неро ńero nʹero sg.nom 37 2 3 nmod
war°-da варта warᵊda war° sg.nom.poss-3sg 37 3 4 nmod
yəxa яха jəχa yəxa sg.nom 37 4 5 nsubj
ŋǣ-wi°. нгэвы. ŋǣwiᵊ ŋǣ 3sg.prs.infr 37 5 0 root
Tʹax° Тяха ťaχᵊ tʹax° R 38 1 2 amod Wild reindeer could be seen on the other side of the river
nʹa-ŋi° нянгы ńaŋiᵊ nʹa A 38 2 3 amod
xǣw°-xəna хэвхад χǣwᵊχəna xǣw° sg.loc 38 3 5 obl loc
yilʹebcʹə-q илебча” jiľebćəɁ yilʹebcʹə° pl.nom 38 4 5 nsubj
ŋədʹi-q. нгади”. ŋəďiɁ ŋədʹi 3pl.prs 38 5 0 root
Ŋarka Нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 39 1 2 amod The older Waya went out of the tent (lit. appeared, started to be visible) and said:
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 39 2 4 nsubj
mʹa-kəd° мякад mʹakədᵊ mʹa sg.abl 39 3 4 obl abl
ŋədʹi-mʹa, нгадимя, ŋəďimʹa ŋədʹi 3sg.prs.inch 39 4 0 root
ma ма: ma ma 3sg.prs 39 5 4 conj
“Yebtow°q, Ебтов”, jebtowᵊɁ yebtow° sg.nom.foc 40 1 3 vocative ”Dear, what can you see?”
ŋəmke-m нгамгэм’ ŋəmkem ŋəmke sg.acc 40 2 3 obj
məneqŋa-ney°q?” маненганэй”? məneɁŋanejᵊɁ məneq 2sg.prs.foc 40 3 0 root
“Tay°na Тайна tajᵊna tay°na Pd 41 1 3 advmod ”It seems there is prey there.”
xanʹeda ханъеда χańeda xanʹeda sg.nom 41 2 3 nsubj
ŋǣ-dar°xa.” нгэрха. ŋǣdarᵊχa ŋǣ 3sg.prs.aprx-ipf 41 3 0 root
Tʹiki° Чикы ťikiᵊ tʹiki° Pd 42 1 2 det After they started hunting on that land, they filled all their sledges to the top lit. ʹafter the begin of their hunt on this place...ʹ
ya-x°na яхана jaχᵊna ya sg.loc 42 2 4 obl loc
təd° тад tədᵊ təd° R 42 3 4 advmod
xanʹe-l-ma-ntʹih ханелманчи’ χańelmanťiɁ xada an-pf.inch.poss-3dl 42 4 8 advcl
sʹamʹan° сямян śamʹanᵊ sʹamʹan° R 42 5 8 advmod
xən°-mtʹih ханамчи’ χənᵊmťiɁ xən° sg.acc.poss-3dl 42 6 8 obj
mal°h малнгэ malᵊɁ mal°h A 42 7 6 amod
pan°de-y°-dʹih. пандейди’. panᵊdejᵊďiɁ pan°de 2/3dl.prs.obj-pl 42 8 0 root
Ŋarka Нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 43 1 2 amod The older Waya said:
Wayə-r° Ваяр Wajərᵊ Waya sg.nom.poss-2sg 43 2 3 nsubj
ma-sʹey° манома: maśejᵊ ma 3sg.pst.foc 43 3 0 root
“Tʹebta-h Чебта’ ťebtaɁ tʹebta adv.gen 44 1 2 advmod ”We could leave tomorrow,”
yamta-ŋku-nacʹ°, ямданггуначь, jamtaŋkunaćᵊ yamta 1pl.fut-pst.refl 44 2 0 root
ŋob нгоб” ŋob ŋob Ml 45 1 2 nummod ”but one of my big sledges is empty.”
sʹabu-nʹi сябуни śabuńi sʹabu sg.gen.poss-1sg 45 2 3 nmod
tʹer° чер ťerᵊ tʹer° sg.nom 45 3 4 nsubj
yəŋku.” юнггу. jəŋku yəŋku neg 45 4 0 root 1
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 46 1 2 amod The younger Waya said:
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 46 2 3 nsubj
ma: ма: ma ma 3sg.prs 46 3 0 root
“Sʹabu-r° Сябур śaburᵊ sʹabu sg.nom.poss-2sg 47 1 2 obj ”Leave it empty.”
tʹer°sʹə-ya=wa. черсяява. ťerᵊśəjawa tʹer°sʹə sg.nom.jus asrt 47 2 0 root
Təd° Тад tədᵊ təd° R 48 1 2 mark ”Later when we travel, maybe we will kill one or two more wild reindeer.”
yamta-wa-nʹih ямдавани’ jamtawańiɁ yamta an-ipf.gen.poss-1dl 48 2 9 advcl
yolcʹ°ŋkəna ёльчанггана jolćᵊŋkəna yolcʹ°ŋkəna S adv.loc 48 3 2 advmod
məsʹiq маси” məśiɁ məsʹiq Qg 48 4 9 discourse
ŋob нгоб’- ŋob ŋob Ml 48 5 7 nummod
sʹidʹa сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 48 6 5 appos
yilʹ°bcʹə-m ильчaм’ jiľᵊbćəm yilʹebcʹə° sg.acc 48 7 9 obj
təmna тамна təmna təmna R 48 8 9 advmod
xada-ŋku-nʹih.” хадангуни’. χadaŋkuńiɁ xada 1dl.fut 48 9 0 root
“Yəŋko=w°q, Юнггов”, jəŋkowᵊɁ yəŋku neg dub 49 1 0 root ”No!”
sʹabu-nʹi сябуни śabuńi sʹabu sg.gen.poss-1sg 50 1 2 nmod ”My big sledge is empty,”
tʹer° чер ťerᵊ tʹer° sg.nom 50 2 3 nsubj
yəŋku=nʹuq. юнггуню”. jəŋkuńuɁ yəŋku neg excl 50 3 0 root
Tərʹem Тарем’ tərʹem tərʹem Qg 51 1 2 amod ”that’s very bad.”
wǣwa.” вева. wǣwa wǣwa A 51 2 0 root
Ŋarka Нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 52 1 2 amod The older Waya harnessed four very black (reindeer),
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 52 2 5 nsubj
tʹet° чет ťetᵊ tʹet° Ml 52 3 4 nummod
pərʹisʹeq°-m парисем’ pərʹiśeɁᵊm pərʹisʹeq° sg.acc 52 4 5 obj
podʹerŋa, подернга, poďerŋa podʹer 3sg.prs 52 5 0 root augmentative -ŋa ? (N. 139)
ŋǣdaley°-q. нгэдалэй”. ŋǣdalejᵊɁ ŋǣdaley° 3sg.prs.refl 53 1 0 root (and) he took off.
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 54 1 2 amod The younger Waya stayed at home (lit. in the tent),
Wayə-r° Ваяр Wajərᵊ Waya sg.nom.poss-2sg 54 2 4 nsubj
mʹa-k°na мякана mʹakᵊna mʹa sg.loc 54 3 4 obl loc
xayi, хаи, χaji xay 3sg.prs 54 4 0 root
xənoda ханода χənoda xən° pl.acc.poss-3sg 55 1 4 obj he prepared the sledges for travelling on the following day, or sg.nom.poss-3sg ?
Nikolaeva: pl.acc.pl.3sg (but below: acc.pl.3sg)
xūnʹana хуняна χūńana xūnʹana R 55 2 3 advmod
yamta-wəncʹ° ямдаванчь jamtawənćᵊ yamta conv.purp 55 3 4 advcl
xamadamp°-daki°, хамидамбдакы, χamadampᵊdakiᵊ xamadamp° 3sg.prs.prob-ipf 55 4 0 root
soda сода soda so pl.acc.poss-3sg 56 1 2 obj (and he) prepared the harnesses.
pək°lʹempə-daki°. паклембадакы. pəkᵊľempədakiᵊ pək°lʹempə 3sg.prs.prob-ipf 56 2 0 root
Yalʹa-h Яла’ jaľaɁ yalʹa sg.gen 57 1 6 advmod All day long there were no news of older Waya.
yampə-n°h ямбан’ jampənᵊɁ yampə sg.dat 57 2 1 advmod
ŋarka нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 57 3 4 amod
Wayə-nt° Ваянт Wajəntᵊ Waya sg.gen.poss-2sg 57 4 5 nmod
siŋk°rʹo-da сынгрёда siŋkᵊrʹoda siŋk°rʹo sg.nom.poss-3sg 57 5 6 nsubj
yəŋku. юнггу. jəŋku yəŋku neg 57 6 0 root
Xurka-n°h Хуркан’ χurkanᵊɁ xurka A sg.dat 58 1 2 amod det Evening came but still no older Waya. ??
num-ta нумта numta num sg.nom.poss-3sg 58 2 3 nmod
pǣw°sʹumʹa, пэвсюмя, pǣwᵊśumʹa pǣw°sʹumʹa sg.nom 58 3 6 obl
ŋarka нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 58 4 5 amod
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.gen.poss-2sg 58 5 6 nsubj
yəŋku. юнггу. jəŋku yəŋku neg 58 6 0 root 1
Ŋəmke-da Нгамгеда ŋəmkeda ŋəmke sg.nom.poss-3sg 59 1 2 nsubj What on earth happened to him?
xəd°ke=y°q? хадкей”? χədᵊkejᵊɁ xəd°ke 3sg.prs foc 59 2 0 root
Ŋanʹi Нгани’ ŋańi ŋanʹi A 60 1 2 amod Another day came,
yalʹa яля jaľa yalʹa sg.nom 60 2 3 nsubj
to°, тo, toᵊ to° 3sg.prs 60 3 0 root
num-ta нумта numta num sg.nom.poss-3sg 61 1 2 nsubj its sky got bright,
yalema. ялэма. jalema yalema 3sg.prs 61 2 0 root
Ŋarka Нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 62 1 2 amod but still - no older Waya.
Way° Вaй Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 62 2 4 nsubj
təmna тамна təmna təmna R 62 3 4 advmod
yəŋku. юнггу. jəŋku yəŋku neg 62 4 0 root
Puxucʹa-da Пухучада puχućada puxucʹa sg.nom.poss-3sg 63 1 2 nsubj His wife said:
ma-sʹey° манмa: maśejᵊ ma 3sg.pst.foc 63 2 0 root
“Ŋarʹey°q, Нгарей”, ŋarʹejᵊɁ ŋarʹey°q I 64 1 5 discourse ”Hey, my husband isn’t coming back!”
wǣsako-mʹi вэсакоми wǣsakomʹi wǣsako sg.nom.poss-1sg 64 2 5 nsubj
to-wa-n°h тован’ towanᵊɁ to° an-ipf.dat 64 3 5 advcl
nʹī ни ńī nʹī Qz 64 4 5 advmod
xərwa-q, харва”, χərwaɁ xərwa conneg 64 5 0 root
məsʹiq маси” məśiɁ məsʹiq Qg 65 1 4 advmod ”Maybe he’s killed many wild reindeer,”
ŋoka нгока ŋoka ŋoka A 65 2 3 amod
yilʹebcʹə-m илебчам’ jiľebćəm yilʹebcʹə° sg.acc 65 3 4 obj
xada-weki°. хадавакы. χadawekiᵊ xada 3sg.pst.prob 65 4 0 root
Yoxo-daki°? Ёходакы? joχodakiᵊ yoxo 3sg.prs.prob-ipf 66 1 0 root ”(or) got lost?”
Pidər° Падар pidərᵊ pidər Pp2-sn 67 1 2 nsubj ”You go,”
xanʹ°-q, хань”, χańᵊɁ xanʹ° 2sg.imp 67 2 0 root
pʹū-l°-yi-r°.” пюлсур. pʹūlᵊjirᵊ pʹū 2sg.subj.inch.obj-sg 68 1 0 root ”you have to start searching for him!”
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 69 1 2 amod The younger Waya said:
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 69 2 3 nsubj
ma: ма: ma ma 3sg.prs 69 3 0 root
“Pʹū-wəncʹ° Пюванчь pʹūwənćᵊ pʹū conv.purp 70 1 2 advmod ”If I am to go to start searching for him, you pull down the tent.”
xǣ-b°qna-nʹi хэб”нани χǣbᵊɁnańi xǣ cond-emph.poss-1sg 70 2 6 advcl
ŋod°q нгод” ŋodᵊɁ ŋod°q R 70 3 2 advmod
tʹedaxəw°h чедав’ ťedaχəwᵊɁ tʹedah adv.aff 70 4 2 advmod
mʹaq-l° мял mʹaɁlᵊ mʹa sg.nom.poss-2sg 70 5 6 obj
xaqw°ra°-q!” хавра”! χaɁwᵊraᵊɁ xaqw°ra° 2sg.imp 70 6 0 root
Mʹūd°-mʹih Мюдми’ mʹūdᵊmʹiɁ mʹūd° sg.acc.poss-1dl 71 1 2 obj ”And let’s harness a reindeer caravan.”
podʹer-kə-mʹih. подерками’. poďerkəmʹiɁ podʹer 1dl.hort.obj-sg 71 2 0 root 1 hortative (1st person imperative) -xə- or -kə- (N. 86)
Sʹenʹey° Сеней śeńejᵊ sʹenʹey° A 72 1 2 amod ”You travel back over the old road,”
nʹeda-h неда’ ńedaɁ nʹeda sg.gen 72 2 5 obl
mʹumnʹa мюмня mʹumńa mʹunʹa S adv.prol 72 3 2 case prolative form of a postposition (ʹthrough insideʹ, по срѣдѣ ?, N. 51)
pir°dərʹih пырдари’ pirᵊdərʹiɁ pir°də adv.gen.lim 72 4 5 advmod ʹback and nothing elseʹ ? (N. 125)
genitive (?) not glossed by Nikolaeva
yamta-d°q. ямдад”. jamtadᵊɁ yamta 2sg.imp.refl 72 5 0 root
Mənʹ° Мань məńᵊ mənʹ Pp1-sn 73 1 5 nsubj ”and I will go and search for my brother.”
ŋanʹih нгани ŋańiɁ ŋanʹih R 73 2 5 cc
nʹa-mʹi нями ńamʹi nʹa (2) sg.nom.poss-1sg 73 3 4 obj
pʹū-wəncʹ° пюванчь pʹūwənćᵊ pʹū conv.purp 73 4 5 advcl
xan°-tə-d°m.” хантадм’. χanᵊtədᵊm xanʹ° 1sg.fut 73 5 0 root
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 74 1 2 amod The younger Waya harnessed his sister-in-law’s caravan.
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 74 2 5 nsubj
nʹaba-nta нябанта ńabanta nʹaba sg.gen.poss-3sg 74 3 4 nmod poss
mʹūd°-m мюдм’ mʹūdᵊm mʹūd° sg.acc 74 4 5 obj
podʹerŋa-da. подернгада. poďerŋada podʹer 3sg.prs.obj-sg 74 5 0 root
Mʹa-ta Мята mʹata mʹa sg.acc.poss-3sg 75 1 2 obj She took down the tent,
xaqw°ra°, хавра, χaɁwᵊraᵊ xaqw°ra° 3sg.prs 75 2 0 root
xənoda ханода χənoda xən° pl.acc.poss-3sg 76 1 2 obj and prepared the sledges.
xura°. хура. χuraᵊ xura° 3sg.prs 76 2 0 root
Nʹaba-da Нябада ńabada nʹaba sg.nom.poss-3sg 77 1 3 nsubj His sister-in-law went back.
pir°dərʹih пырдари’ pirᵊdərʹiɁ pir°də adv.gen.lim 77 2 3 advmod
yamtey°-q. ямдэй”. jamtejᵊɁ yamta 3sg.prs.refl 77 3 0 root
Ŋanʹi Нгани ŋańi ŋanʹi A 78 1 2 amod He had been using harnessed reindeer for his sledge for a long time, the ones that have two crooked horns.
xən°-da ханда χənᵊda xən° sg.nom.poss-3sg 78 2 5 obl
sʹi-q си” śiɁ sʹi pl.nom 78 3 5 obj
ŋaxət° нгахат ŋaχətᵊ ŋaxət° adv.abl 78 4 5 advmod
me-ta-da мэтада metada me ptcp-ipf.poss-3sg 78 5 0 root
ŋǣ-daki°-q, нгэдакы”, ŋǣdakiᵊɁ ŋǣ 3pl.prs.prob-ipf 78 6 5 aux
sʹidʹa сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 78 7 3 acl
nʹamt° нямд ńamtᵊ nʹamt° A sg.nom 78 8 9 amod
pay°. пай. pajᵊ pay° A 78 9 7 nmod
Tʹika-xəyu-da Чикаюда ťikaχəjuda tʹiki° dl.acc.poss-3sg 79 1 2 obj He harnessed (the two of) them.
podʹerŋa. подернга. poďerŋa podʹer 3sg.prs 79 2 0 root
Naro-nta Нгамдюрта Naronta naro sg.gen.poss-3sg 80 1 10 obl lat He put two iron bows under the skin used for sitting on the sledge, on the right hand side.
ŋil°h нгыл’, ŋilᵊɁ ŋil°h S adv.dat 80 2 1 case
xən°-h хан’ χənᵊɁ xən° sg.gen 80 3 6 nmod
wǣ вэ+ wǣ wǣ A 80 4 6 amod
nʹa-ŋi° ня’ ńaŋiᵊ nʹa A 80 5 4 amod
xǣwuw°na хэвувна χǣwuwᵊna xǣw° sg.prol 80 6 1 nmod
sʹidʹa сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 80 7 9 nummod
yesʹa еся jeśa yesʹa A 80 8 9 amod
ŋin° нгын ŋinᵊ ŋin° sg.nom 80 9 10 obj
pək°lʹe°. пакле. pəkᵊľeᵊ pək°lʹe° 3sg.prs 80 10 0 root 1
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 81 1 2 amod Then the younger Waya went back over his brother’s tracks. lit. ʹthrough his brotherʹs goingʹ
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 81 2 6 nsubj
nʹa-nta нянта ńanta nʹa (2) sg.gen.poss-3sg 81 3 4 nmod poss
xǣ-qmʹa-h хэ”мя’ χǣɁmʹaɁ xǣ an-pf.gen 81 4 6 obl
mʹumnʹa мюмня mʹumńa mʹunʹa S adv.prol 81 5 4 case
xəya. хая. χəja xǣ 3sg.prs 81 6 0 root
Ŋǣdalʹo-wa-da Нгэдалёвада ŋǣdaľowada ŋǣdal an-ipf.nom.poss-3sg 82 1 3 nsubj His tracks could be seen very well. lit. ʹhis travellingʹ
səwa-w°na сававна səwawᵊna səwa adv.prol 82 2 3 advmod
ŋədʹi. нгади. ŋəďi ŋədʹi 3sg.prs 82 3 0 root
Xurka-rʹi Хуркари χurkarʹi xurka A sg.nom.lim 83 1 2 amod det It seemed the elder brother had been killing and skinning all sorts of wild reindeer, and then moving on even further. xurka-rʹi ʹany kindʹ (N. 127)
yilʹebcʹəye илебча jiľebćəje yilʹebcʹə° pl.acc 83 2 3 obj
xada-bə-sʹ°tə-wi°, хадабасьтавы, χadabəśᵊtəwiᵊ xada 3sg.hab.infr-ipf 83 3 0 root
yax°-sʹət°-wi°, яхасьтавы, jaχᵊśətᵊwiᵊ yax° 3sg.prs.hab.infr 83 4 3 conj
təmna тамна təmna təmna R 83 5 4 advmod
nʹer°nʹah нерня’ ńerᵊńaɁ nʹer°nʹah adv.dat 83 6 7 advmod
xǣ-sʹ°tə-wi°. хэсьтавы. χǣśᵊtəwiᵊ xǣ 3sg.prs.hab.infr 83 7 4 conj
Ŋəmke-h Нгамгэ’ ŋəmkeɁ ŋəmke sg.gen 84 1 3 nmod After a while, a river appeared in front of him.
yolcʹ°ŋkəna ёльчанггана jolćᵊŋkəna yolcʹ°ŋkəna S adv.loc 84 2 1 case
nʹer°nʹana нерняна ńerᵊńana nʹer°nʹana R 84 3 6 advmod
ŋob нгоб” ŋob ŋob Ml 84 4 5 amod det
yəxa-ko яхаку jəχako yəxa sg.nom.dim 84 5 6 nsubj
ŋədʹi-mʹa. нгадимя. ŋəďimʹa ŋədʹi 3sg.prs.inch 84 6 0 root
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 85 1 2 amod Younger Waya reached the other side of the river.
Wayə-r° Ваяр Wajərᵊ Waya sg.nom.poss-2sg 85 2 5 nsubj
tʹax° тяха ťaχᵊ tʹax° R 85 3 5 advmod
nʹah ня’ ńaɁ nʹah S adv.dat 85 4 3 case
tǣwi°-q. тэвы”. tǣwiᵊɁ tǣwi° 3sg.prs.refl 85 5 0 root
Ow°, Ов, owᵊ ow° I 86 1 2 discourse “Oh, what’s that?”
takemʹi такэми takemʹi take sg.nom.poss-1sg 86 2 0 root
ŋəmke? нгамгэ? ŋəmke ŋəmke sg.nom 86 3 2 obl pred
Təd° Тад tədᵊ təd° R 87 1 2 advmod Then he saw:
məneqŋa-da, манэнгада: məneɁŋada məneq 3sg.prs.obj-sg 87 2 0 root
ŋarka нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 88 1 2 amod the older Waya lies dead on the top of his sledge.
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 88 2 4 obj
xabey°-ŋe° хабэйнгэ χabejᵊŋeᵊ xabey° sg.nom.ess 88 3 4 obl pred
lʹasi° лясы ľasiᵊ lʹasi° 3sg.prs 88 4 0 root
xən°-ta ханта χənᵊta xən° sg.gen.poss-3sg 88 5 4 obl loc
nʹinʹa. ниня. ńińa nʹinʹa S adv.loc 88 6 5 case
Ŋǣwa-da Нгэвада ŋǣwada ŋǣwa sg.nom.poss-3sg 89 1 3 nsubj His head was pierced by an arrow.
muŋk°-xəna мынггхана muŋkᵊχəna muŋk° sg.loc 89 2 3 obl agent
yədara-wi°. ядаравы. jədarawiᵊ yədara 3sg.prs.infr 89 3 0 root pass 1
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 90 1 2 amod The younger Waya thought:
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 90 2 4 nsubj
yī-x°nanta ихинянта jīχᵊnanta yī sg.loc.poss-3sg 90 3 4 obl loc
ma: ма: ma ma 3sg.prs 90 4 0 root
“Ow°, “Ов, owᵊ ow° I 91 1 4 discourse “Oh, my poor older brother has been murdered.”
nʹe°ka-ye-mʹi некаеми ńeᵊkajemʹi nʹe°ka sg.nom.pej.poss-1sg 91 2 4 nsubj
məlʹe° мале məľeᵊ məlʹe° R 91 3 4 advmod
xada-ra-wi°-q. хадаравы”. χadarawiᵊɁ xada 3sg.prs.pass.infr 91 4 0 root pass suffix -ra-: ”derives lexical passives which belong to the reflexive past” (N. 226)
Xumpa°ncʹih Хумбачи” χumpaᵊnćiɁ xumpa°ncʹih R 92 1 4 discourse ”What a shame he thought his cargo sledge was so empty,”
sʹabu-mta сябумта śabumta sʹabu sg.acc.poss-3sg 92 2 4 obl
tʹer°sʹə-da-ŋe° черсядангэ ťerᵊśədaŋeᵊ tʹer°sʹə ptcp-ipf.ess 92 3 4 obl pred
pǣ°r-meda, пэрмэда, pǣᵊrmeda pǣ°r 3sg.prs.infr.obj-sg 92 4 0 root
təmna тамна təmna təmna R 93 1 4 advmod ”it seems like he just wanted to kill more wild reindeer,”
sʹan° сян śanᵊ sʹan° A 93 2 3 amod det
yilʹebcʹə-m илебчам’ jiľebćəm yilʹebcʹə° sg.acc 93 3 4 obj
xada-wa-n°h хадаван’ χadawanᵊɁ xada an-ipf.dat 93 4 5 advcl
xərwa-waki°. харкавакы. χərwawakiᵊ xərwa 3sg.pst.prob 93 5 0 root
Xa-wa-rʹi-mta Хаваримта χawarʹimta xa an-ipf.acc.lim.poss-3sg 94 1 2 obj ”(but) he only found death.” lit. ʹonly his dyingʹ
xo-weda.” ховэда”. χoweda xo 3sg.prs.infr.obj-sg 94 2 0 root
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 95 1 2 amod Younger Waya went further along the bank of the river where willow bushes grew.
Wayə-r° Ваяр Wajərᵊ Waya sg.nom.poss-2sg 95 2 4 nsubj
nʹer°nʹah нерня’ ńerᵊńaɁ nʹer°nʹah R 95 3 4 advmod
ŋǣdaley°-q нгэдалэй” ŋǣdalejᵊɁ ŋǣdaley° 3sg.prs.refl 95 4 0 root
nʹero неро ńero nʹero sg.nom 95 5 6 nmod
yəxa-ko-h яхаку’ jəχakoɁ yəxa sg.gen.dim 95 6 7 nmod
waru-wəna. варувна. waruwəna war° sg.prol 95 7 4 obl
Yəxa-ko-h Яхаку’ jəχakoɁ yəxa sg.gen.dim 96 1 2 nmod At the rivermouth there were two steep hills covered with snow.
nʹaqw°-xəna няавхана ńaɁwᵊχəna nʹaqw° sg.loc 96 2 6 obl loc
sʹidʹa сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 96 3 5 nummod
sira-sawey° сырасавэй sirasawejᵊ sira A sg.nom.propr 96 4 5 amod
ləŋk° лангг ləŋkᵊ ləŋk° sg.nom 96 5 6 nsubj
tənʹa-wex°h. танявы. təńaweχᵊɁ tənʹa 3dl.prs.infr 96 6 0 root
Tǣw°-qma-xəd°nta Тэвмахаданта tǣwᵊɁmaχədᵊnta tǣwi° an-pf.abl.poss-3sg 97 1 2 advcl When he arrived, he saw two Tunguses (two painted faces) walking.
məneqŋa-da, манэнгада: məneɁŋada məneq 3sg.prs.obj-sg 97 2 0 root finite clause as a direct object (cf. N. 285, example 4b)
sʹidʹa сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 97 3 4 nummod
sʹaq сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 97 4 5 nmod
pad°-wi° падвы padᵊwiᵊ pad° ptcp-pf 97 5 6 nsubj
yadʹer-mex°h. ядермэхэ’. jaďermeχᵊɁ yadʹer 3dl.prs.infr 97 6 2 advcl obj 1
Yekar°q, Екар”, jekarᵊɁ yekar°q Qg 98 1 2 advmod It wasn’t clear why they were walking;
xəqman-cʹ° хаманчь χəɁmanćᵊ xəqman conv.mod 98 2 3 advcl cf. N. 265
yadʹer-mi° ядермы jaďermiᵊ yadʹer ptcp-pf 98 3 0 root
ŋǣ-b°qna-ntʹih, нгэб”нанчи’, ŋǣbᵊɁnanťiɁ ŋǣ cond-emph.poss-3dl 98 4 3 aux
məsʹiq маси” məśiɁ məsʹiq Qg 99 1 2 advmod maybe they were hunting?
xanʹe-wakex°h? ханевакэхэ’? χańewakeχᵊɁ xanʹe 3dl.pst.prob 99 2 0 root
Təd°xəw°h Тадхав’ tədᵊχəwᵊɁ təd° adv.aff 100 1 9 advmod As soon as the two Tunguses saw the younger Waya, they readied their bows. lit.: ʹand then, the two painted-faces, seeing the younger Waya, ready their bowsʹ
sʹidʹa сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 100 2 3 nummod
sʹaq сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 100 3 4 nmod
pad°-wi° падвы padᵊwiᵊ pad° ptcp-pf 100 4 9 nsubj
nʹudʹa нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 100 5 6 amod
Way°-m Ваям’ Wajᵊm Waya sg.acc 100 6 7 obj
məne-cʹ° манэчь mənećᵊ məneq conv.mod 100 7 9 advcl
ŋin°-tʹih нгынчи’ ŋinᵊťiɁ ŋin° dl.acc.poss-3dl 100 8 9 obj
nʹar°xəlaŋa-x°h. нярхалади’. ńarᵊχəlaŋaχᵊɁ nʹar°xəla° 3dl.prs 100 9 0 root
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 101 1 2 amod What was younger Waya to do then? lit. ʹwhat would W. wait for then?ʹ (?)
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya N 101 2 5 nsubj
tʹikawaxəna чикавахана ťikawaχəna tʹukoxəna adv.loc.aff 101 3 5 advmod
ŋəmke-n°h нгамгэн’ ŋəmkenᵊɁ ŋəmke sg.nom.dat 101 4 5 obl
ŋətʹenə-ŋku? нгаченанггу? ŋəťenəŋku ŋətʹenə 3sg.fut 101 5 0 root
Ŋin°-mta Нгынамта ŋinᵊmta ŋin° sg.acc.poss-3sg 102 1 3 obj He pulled out also his bow,
ŋobtʹiki° нгобчикы ŋobťikiᵊ ŋobtʹiki° R 102 2 3 advmod
nek°lŋa-da, нэкалнгада, nekᵊlŋada nek°lŋa 3sg.prs.obj-sg 102 3 0 root
sʹidʹa сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 103 1 3 nummod he pulled out two iron arrows.
yesʹa еся jeśa yesʹa A 103 2 3 amod
muŋk°-m мынггм’ muŋkᵊm muŋk° sg.acc 103 3 4 obj
nek°lŋa. нэкалнга. nekᵊlŋa nek°lŋa 3sg.prs 103 4 0 root
Sʹidʹa Сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 104 1 3 nummod The ends of the two iron arrows (were) like seagull’s beaks.
yesʹa еся jeśa yesʹa A 104 2 3 amod
muŋk° мынгг muŋkᵊ muŋk° sg.nom 104 3 4 nmod
mal°-dʹih малди’ malᵊďiɁ mal° pl.gen.poss-3dl 104 4 6 nsubj
xəlew°-h халэв χəlewᵊɁ xəlew° sg.gen 104 5 6 nmod
piya-rəxa-x°h. нялха. pijarəχaχᵊɁ piya sg.nom.sim.pred-3dl 104 6 0 root sic!
similative adjective with -rəxa: ʹnose-like, носовитъʹ
predicative nominal endings - N. 76
Sʹidʹa Сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 105 1 2 nummod He shot two arrows.
muŋk°-m мынггм’ muŋkᵊm muŋk° sg.acc 105 2 3 obj
ŋǣd°taŋa-xəyu-da. нгэдтангаюда. ŋǣdᵊtaŋaχəjuda ŋǣd°taŋa 3sg.prs.obj-dl 105 3 0 root
Sʹud°-sawey° Сюдсавэй śudᵊsawejᵊ sʹud° sg.nom.propr 106 1 2 advmod They went whistling.
xəya-x°h. хаяха’. χəjaχᵊɁ xǣ 3dl.prs 106 2 0 root
Sʹaq Сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 107 1 2 nmod Where would the two painted-faces go?
pad°-wex°h падвэхэ’ padᵊweχᵊɁ pad° ptcp-pf.dl 107 2 4 nsubj
xənʹah ханя’ χəńaɁ xənʹah adv.dat 107 3 4 advmod
xan°təŋa-x°h? хантнгаха’? χanᵊtəŋaχᵊɁ xanʹ° 3dl.fut 107 4 0 root 1
Xa-sʹ° Хась χaśᵊ xa conv.mod 108 1 2 advcl They fell on their backs dead.
lʹaseyə-x°h. лясэйха’. ľasejəχᵊɁ lʹasi° 3dl.prs.refl 108 2 0 root
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 109 1 2 amod The younger Waya went back.
Wayə-r° Ваяр Wajərᵊ Waya sg.nom.poss-2sg 109 2 4 nsubj
tʹax°h тяха’ ťaχᵊɁ tʹax° adv.dat 109 3 4 advmod
ŋǣdaley°-q. нгэдалэй”. ŋǣdalejᵊɁ ŋǣdaley° 3sg.prs.refl 109 4 0 root
Sʹanəd°h Сянат śanədᵊɁ sʹanəd°h Pq 110 1 3 advmod After travelling for a while, he arrived in a sloping land surrounded by a forest. lit. ʹhowever much and far he would go...ʹ
xunəd°h хунат χunədᵊɁ xunəd°h Pq 110 2 3 advmod
mʹim-pə-ta мимбата mʹimpəta mʹim cond.poss-3sg 110 3 7 advcl
ŋod°q нгод” ŋodᵊɁ ŋod°q R 110 4 3 advmod
pedara-h пэдара’ pedaraɁ pedara sg.gen 110 5 6 nmod
yorka-n°h ёркан’ jorkanᵊɁ yorka sg.dat 110 6 7 obl lat
tǣwi°-q. тэвы”. tǣwiᵊɁ tǣwi° 3sg.prs.refl 110 7 0 root
Pedara-h Пэдара’ pedaraɁ pedara sg.gen 111 1 2 nmod There were ten big tents in that sloping forested land.
york°-xəna ёркахана jorkᵊχəna yorka sg.loc 111 2 5 obl loc
yūq ю” jūɁ yūq Ml 111 3 5 nummod
ŋarka нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 111 4 5 amod
mʹaq. мя”. mʹaɁ mʹa pl.nom 111 5 0 root nsubj
Yer-ki° Еръи jerkiᵊ yer A 112 1 2 amod Somebody (was) sitting in front of the entrance of the middle tent.
mʹad°-h мяд’ mʹadᵊɁ mʹa sg.gen 112 2 3 nmod
sʹīŋ-k°nʹa сингганя śīŋkᵊńa sʹīŋ sg.loc 112 3 5 obl loc
ŋob нгоб” ŋob ŋob Ml 112 4 5 nsubj
ŋamtʹo-da. нгамчёда. ŋamťoda ŋamtʹi ptcp-ipf 112 5 0 root
Sʹaq Сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 113 1 2 nmod It seemed to be the Tungus chief;
pad°-wi° падвы padᵊwiᵊ pad° ptcp-pf 113 2 3 nmod
yerw° ерв jerwᵊ yerw° sg.nom 113 3 4 obl pred
ŋǣ-daki°, нгэдакы, ŋǣdakiᵊ ŋǣ 3sg.prs.prob 113 4 0 root
sʹa-ta сята śata sʹaq sg.nom.poss-3sg 114 1 0 root nsubj his whole face (was) covered with tattoos.
mal°h малнгэ malᵊɁ mal°h A 114 2 1 amod
pad°r-cawey°. падарцавэй. padᵊrcawejᵊ pad°r sg.nom.propr 114 3 1 obl pred
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 115 1 2 amod Younger Waya looked and thought: lit. ʹyounger Waya, looking, said in his mind:ʹ
Wayə-r° Ваяр Wajərᵊ Waya sg.nom.poss-2sg 115 2 5 nsubj
siər-cʹ° сырчь siərćᵊ siər conv.mod 115 3 5 advcl
yī-x°nʹanta ихинянта jīχᵊńanta yī sg.loc.poss-3sg 115 4 5 obl loc
ma ма: ma ma 3sg.prs 115 5 0 root
“Tʹedaxəwah “Чедахав’ ťedaχəwaɁ tʹedah adv.aff 116 1 3 advmod “What would be best to do now?” lit. ʹnow, how to be good?ʹ ??
xəcʹer°q хачер’ χəćerᵊɁ xəcʹer°q Pq 116 2 3 advmod
me-sʹ° мэсь meśᵊ ŋǣ conv.mod 116 3 0 root
səwa? сава? səwa səwa A 116 4 3 obl pred
Sʹaq Сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 117 1 2 nmod ”If I start using my bow against the Tungus chief, will I defeat him?”
pad°-wi° падвы padᵊwiᵊ pad° ptcp-pf 117 2 3 nmod
yerw°-m ервм’ jerwᵊm yerw° sg.acc 117 3 6 obj
ŋin°-xəna нгынхана ŋinᵊχəna ŋin° sg.loc 117 4 5 obl
pʹa-b°qna-nʹi пяб”нани pʹabᵊɁnańi pʹa cond-emph.poss-1sg 117 5 6 advcl
pʹir°dəqlʹe-ŋku-w°?” пирдаленггув?” pʹirᵊdəɁľeŋkuwᵊ pʹir°dəqlʹe 1sg.fut.obj-sg 117 6 0 root 1
Təd° Тад tədᵊ təd° R 118 1 3 advmod Then he prepared his bow.
ŋin°-mta нгынамта ŋinᵊmta ŋin° sg.acc.poss-3sg 118 2 3 obj
nʹar°xəla°-da. нярхалада. ńarᵊχəlaᵊda nʹar°xəla° 3sg.prs.obj-sg 118 3 0 root
Muŋk°-da Мынггда muŋkᵊda muŋk° sg.nom.poss-3sg 119 1 0 root He only had six arrows.
mət°-poy°. матпой. mətᵊpojᵊ mət°q Ml sg.nom.moder 119 2 1 nummod moderative -(m)poy°h: ”high degree of the property expressed by the adjective” (N. 135)
Ŋob Нгоб” ŋob ŋob Ml 120 1 2 nummod The Tungus chief couldn’t be killed with a single arrow. lit. ʹis not being killed/killable (оубиваемъ) with one arrowʹ ?
muŋk°-xəna мынггхана muŋkᵊχəna muŋk° sg.loc 120 2 6 obl
sʹaq сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 120 3 4 nmod
pad°-wi° падвы padᵊwiᵊ pad° ptcp-pf 120 4 5 nmod
yerw° ерв jerwᵊ yerw° sg.nom 120 5 6 nsubj
xada-bə-da хадабада χadabəda xada ptcp-ipf.dur 120 6 0 root durative -bə (N. 45) in a present passive function (N. 240)
nʹī ни ńī nʹī Qz 120 7 8 advmod
ŋaq. нга”. ŋaɁ ŋǣ conneg 120 8 6 aux pass
Mət°q Мат” mətᵊɁ mət°q Ml 121 1 2 nummod Maybe he could kill him if he shot all six arrows.
muŋk°-xəna мынггхана muŋkᵊχəna muŋk° sg.loc 121 2 3 obl
yenʹer-pə-ta енерпата jeńerpəta yenʹer cond.poss-3sg 121 3 5 advcl
məsʹiq маси” məśiɁ məsʹiq Qg 121 4 5 advmod
xada-bcu-da. хадабсуда. χadabcuda xada 3sg.nec.obj-sg 121 5 0 root necessitative -pcu: ”1st and 3rd person necessitative conveys expectation, some degree of certainty about a future event (‘should’), or deontic obligation” (N. 91)
Tʹedaxəw°h Чедахав ťedaχəwᵊɁ tʹedah adv.aff 122 1 5 advmod Younger Waya tied up his reindeer,
nʹudʹa нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 122 2 3 amod
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 122 3 5 nsubj
tīda тыда tīda ti pl.acc.poss-3sg 122 4 5 obj
sʹarə°, сяра, śarəᵊ sʹarə° 3sg.prs 122 5 0 root
təd° тад tədᵊ təd° R 123 1 5 advmod he took his bow and arrows,
ŋin°-mta нгынамта, ŋinᵊmta ŋin° sg.acc.poss-3sg 123 2 5 obj
muŋk°-da мынггда muŋkᵊda muŋk° sg.nom.poss-3sg 123 3 2 conj
ŋobk°na нгобкана ŋobkᵊna ŋobk°na R 123 4 3 cc
nʹəqm°-wida, нямыда, ńəɁmᵊwida nʹəqm° 3sg.infr.obj-pl 123 5 0 root
mʹadoq мядо” mʹadoɁ mʹa pl.gen 124 1 4 obl lat and he went to hide amongst the tents.
nʹah ня’ ńaɁ nʹah S adv.dat 124 2 1 case
liŋkara-° лынггара liŋkaraᵊ liŋkara conv.mod 124 3 4 advcl
xəya. хая. χəja xǣ 3sg.prs 124 4 0 root
Ŋulʹiq Нгули” ŋuľiɁ ŋulʹiq R 125 1 2 advmod He moved very quietly so that nobody could hear any noise.
yana-mpo-ko-w°na янамбоковна janampokowᵊna yana sg.nom.moder.dim 125 2 3 advmod
mʹiŋa, минга, mʹiŋa mʹiŋa 3sg.prs 125 3 0 root
siŋk°rʹo-mta сесарёмтв siŋkᵊrʹomta siŋk°rʹo sg.acc.poss-3sg 125 4 6 obj thus in Cyr., possessor is marked as 2sg by Nikolaeva (typo? poss-2sg suffix is -mt° on p.67)
nʹi-yi-cʹ° ниичь ńijićᵊ nʹī neg.3pl.pst.subj 125 5 6 aux
nəmt°-q. намд”. nəmtᵊɁ nəmt° conneg 125 6 3 advcl
Tə-h Та’ təɁ tə (2) adv.gen 126 1 8 obl The Tungus chief sat on his sledge,
yolcʹ°ŋkəna ёльчанггана jolćᵊŋkəna yolcʹ°ŋkəna S adv.loc 126 2 1 case
sʹaq сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 126 3 4 nmod
pad°-wi° падвы padᵊwiᵊ pad° ptcp-pf 126 4 5 nmod
yerw° ерв jerwᵊ yerw° sg.nom 126 5 8 nsubj
xən°-h хан’ χənᵊɁ xən° sg.gen 126 6 8 obl loc
nʹinʹa ниня ńińa nʹinʹa S adv.loc 126 7 6 case
ŋamti°, нгамты, ŋamtiᵊ ŋamtʹi 3sg.prs 126 8 0 root
yan°da-qm°na яндавна janᵊdaɁmᵊna yan°da pl.prol 127 1 2 obl he looked around.
si°sumpʹi. сысумби. siᵊsumpʹi si°sumpʹi 3sg.prs 127 2 0 root 1
Ŋəmkexərt° Нгамгэрт ŋəmkeχərtᵊ ŋəmkexərt° sg.nom.foc 128 1 2 obj He didn’t seem to notice anything.
məne-ta-da манэтада mənetada məneq ptcp-ipf.poss-3sg 128 2 3 advcl
yəŋko-dar°xa. юнггорха. jəŋkodarᵊχa yəŋku neg.3sg.aprx-ipf 128 3 0 root
Təd° Тад tədᵊ təd° R 129 1 3 advmod Then he took off his overcoat,
so°kə-mta сокамта soᵊkəmta so°kə sg.acc.poss-3sg 129 2 3 obj
yeka°-da, екада, jekaᵊda yeka° 3sg.prs.obj-sg 129 3 0 root
mʹa-t°h мят’ mʹatᵊɁ mʹa sg.dat 130 1 2 obl lat and he went into the tent.
tʹu°. тю. ťuᵊ tʹu 3sg.prs 130 2 0 root
Pʹīx°nʹa Пихиня pʹīχᵊńa pʹīx°nʹa adv.loc 131 1 2 advmod There was absolutely no one walking around outside;
yadʹer-ta-doh адертаду’ jaďertadoɁ yadʹer ptcp-ipf.poss-3pl 131 2 4 advcl csubj
ŋulʹiq нгули” ŋuľiɁ ŋulʹiq R 131 3 4 advmod
yəŋku, юнггу, jəŋku yəŋku neg 131 4 0 root
ŋob-kərt° нгобкарт ŋobkərtᵊ ŋob Ml sg.foc 132 1 2 amod det not a dog, not even a child.
wenʹako вэнеку, weńako wenʹako sg.nom 132 2 5 nsubj
ŋawey° нгавэй ŋawejᵊ ŋawey° C 132 3 4 cc
ŋəcʹeki° нгачекы ŋəćekiᵊ ŋəcʹeki° sg.nom 132 4 2 conj
yadʹer-cʹ°. ядерчь. jaďerćᵊ yadʹer conv.mod 132 5 0 root ”converbs do not occur in the independent function” (N. 110)
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 133 1 2 amod Younger Waya, hiding amongst the sledges, reached the middle tent.
Wayə-r° Ваяр Wajərᵊ Waya sg.nom.poss-2sg 133 2 8 nsubj
xənoq хано” χənoɁ xən° pl.gen 133 3 5 obl
pom°na помна pomᵊna pom°na S 133 4 3 case
liŋkarʹo-° лынггара liŋkarʹoᵊ liŋkara conv.mod 133 5 8 advcl
yer-ki° еръи jerkiᵊ yer A 133 6 7 amod
mʹa-t°h мят’ mʹatᵊɁ mʹa sg.dat 133 7 8 obl lat
tǣwi°-q. тэвы’. tǣwiᵊɁ tǣwi° 3sg.prs.refl 133 8 0 root
Tʹorʹey°-q Чёрей”: ťorʹejᵊɁ tʹorʹ 3sg.prs.refl 134 1 0 root He shouted:
“Sʹaq Сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 135 1 2 nmod “Tungus chief, will you die in your tent?”
pad°-wi° парвы padᵊwiᵊ pad° ptcp-pf 135 2 3 nmod
yerweq, нрвэ”, jerweɁ yerw° sg.nom.foc 135 3 5 vocative thus in Cyr.!
mʹa-k°nant° мяканант mʹakᵊnantᵊ mʹa sg.loc.poss-2sg 135 4 5 obl loc
xa-sʹ° хась χaśᵊ xa conv.mod 135 5 0 root
pʹa-ŋku-r°, пянггур, pʹaŋkurᵊ pʹa 2sg.fut.obj-sg 135 6 5 aux fut
pʹīn°h пин’ pʹīnᵊɁ pʹīn°h adv.dat 136 1 2 advmod “(or) will you come out?”
tərp°-ŋku-n°?” тарпнггун? tərpᵊŋkunᵊ tərp° 2sg.fut 136 2 0 root
Mʹad°-h Мяд’ mʹadᵊɁ mʹa sg.gen 137 1 4 obl abl He heard shouting inside the tent: lit. ʹinside the tent, (there was) his shouting to hearʹ ?
mʹunʹa мюня mʹuńa mʹunʹa adv.loc 137 2 1 case
tʹor° чёр ťorᵊ tʹorʹ 3sg.prs 137 3 4 advcl
so-wono-nta: совононта: sowononta so (2) 3sg.prs.aud.poss-3sg 137 4 0 root auditive -manoh: evidential, ”auditory perceptions, as opposed to information received based on visual evidence” (N. 113), a non-finite form!
“Xībʹa Хибя χībʹa xībʹa sg.nom 138 1 2 nsubj “Who’s there?”
to°? то? toᵊ to R 138 2 0 root
Nʹer°q Нет’ ńerᵊɁ nʹer°q R 139 1 4 advmod “There was nobody outside before!”
pʹīx°na пихиня pʹīχᵊna pʹīx°nʹa adv.loc 139 2 4 advmod
xībʹaxərt° хибярт χībʹaχərtᵊ xībʹaxərt° sg.nom 139 3 4 nsubj
yəŋku-sʹ°!” юнггусь! jəŋkuśᵊ yəŋku neg.pst 139 4 0 root 1
“Xībʹa Хибя χībʹa xībʹa sg.nom 140 1 2 nsubj “Who comes?”
tūtə°? тута? tūtəᵊ to° 3sg.fut 140 2 0 root
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 141 1 2 amod “Your younger Waya is there!”
Wayə-r° Ваяр Wajərᵊ Waya sg.nom.poss-2sg 141 2 3 nsubj
to°. то! toᵊ to R 141 3 0 root
Nʹe°ka-mʹi Неками ńeᵊkamʹi nʹe°ka sg.nom/acc.poss-1sg 142 1 2 obj ”What were you doing, Tungus chief, when you killed my older brother?” lit. ʹby killing my brother, o painted-face chief, what were you like?ʹ
xada-wa-xəna Хадавахана χadawaχəna xada an-ipf.loc 142 2 7 advcl
pidər°, падар, pidərᵊ pidər Pp2-sn 142 3 7 nsubj
sʹaq сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 142 4 5 nmod
pad°-wi° падвы padᵊwiᵊ pad° ptcp-pf 142 5 6 nmod
yerw°-ŋe°, нрвнгэ, jerwᵊŋeᵊ yerw° sg.nom.ess 142 6 3 vocative
ŋəmke-r°xa-nə-sʹ°. нгамгэрханась. ŋəmkerᵊχanəśᵊ ŋəmke sg.nom.sim 2sg.pst 142 7 0 root
Tʹedaxəw°h Чедав’ ťedaχəwᵊɁ tʹedah adv.aff 143 1 2 advmod ”Now I’ll find out what kind of person you are.”
məne-t°-q манэт” mənetᵊɁ məneq conneg.fut 143 2 0 root
nʹī-wə=m°h нявам” ńīwəmᵊɁ nʹī neg.1sg.prs.obj-sg dub 143 3 2 aux
xurka-n° хуркан χurkanᵊ xurka sg.nom.poss-2sg 143 4 5 mark
ŋǣ-ŋko-bə-t°.” нгэнггобат. ŋǣŋkobətᵊ ŋǣ cond-fut.dur.poss-2sg 143 5 2 advcl Nikolaeva commonly glosses imperfectivizing affixes as durative (-mpə or -bə), iterative and frequentative (N. 45) simply as ”impf”.
Sʹaq Сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 144 1 2 nmod The Tungus jumped out.
pad°-wi° падвы padᵊwiᵊ pad° ptcp-pf 144 2 4 nsubj
pʹīn°h пин’ pʹīnᵊɁ pʹīn°h adv.dat 144 3 4 advmod
təra°-da. тарада. təraᵊda təra° 3sg.prs.obj-sg 144 4 0 root
Sʹudobʹa Сюдобя śudobʹa sʹudobʹa A 145 1 2 amod He pulled out his giant bow to shoot. lit. ʹfor his shootingʹ (стрѣлꙗнїа своего ради)
ŋin°-mta нгынамта ŋinᵊmta ŋin° sg.acc.poss-3sg 145 2 3 obj
nek°lŋa-da нэкалнгада nekᵊlŋada nek°lŋa 3sg.prs.obj-sg 145 3 0 root
yenʹer-ma-n-ta енерманда jeńermanta yenʹer an-ipf.gen.poss-3sg 145 4 3 obl
yeqm°nʹa. еэмня. jeɁmᵊńa yeqm°nʹa S 145 5 4 case
Məlʹe° Мале məľeᵊ məlʹe° R 146 1 4 mark He was about to loose an arrow, but the string of his bow broke.
ŋob нгоб” ŋob ŋob Ml 146 2 3 nummod
muŋk°-m мынгм muŋkᵊm muŋk° sg.acc 146 3 4 obj
ŋǣdta-ŋku-sʹ°, нгэдтанггусь, ŋǣdtaŋkuśᵊ ŋǣd°taŋa 3sg.fut-pst 146 4 7 advcl N.: ŋǣdara-ŋku-sʹ°
ŋin°ta нгынта ŋinᵊta ŋin° sg.gen.poss-3sg 146 5 6 nmod
yen° ен jenᵊ yen° sg.nom 146 6 7 nsubj
nik°li. ныклы. nikᵊli nik°li 3sg.prs 146 7 0 root
Tə-h Та’ təɁ tə (2) sg.gen 147 1 9 advmod Younger Waya shot a metal arrow without delay. lit. ʹduring this (at the same time), your younger Waya, not delaying, shoots a metal arrowʹ
yolcʹ°ŋkəna ёльчанггана jolćᵊŋkəna yolcʹ°ŋkəna S adv.loc 147 2 1 case
nʹudʹa нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 147 3 4 amod
Wayə-r° Ваяр Wajərᵊ Waya sg.nom.poss-2sg 147 4 9 nsubj
nʹī-sʹ° нись ńīśᵊ nʹī neg.3sg.pst 147 5 6 aux
yaholara-q ламгарю” jaɁolaraɁ yaholara conneg 147 6 9 advcl sic
yesʹa еся jeśa yesʹa A 147 7 8 amod 1
muŋk°-xəna мынггахана muŋkᵊχəna muŋk° sg.loc 147 8 9 obl
yada°-da. ядада. jadaᵊda yada° 3sg.prs.obj-sg 147 9 0 root
Muŋk°-da Мынггда muŋkᵊda muŋk° sg.nom.poss-3sg 148 1 4 nsubj And his arrow went whistling off.
ŋanʹih нгани’ ŋańiɁ ŋanʹih R 148 2 4 cc
sʹud°-sawey° сюдсавэй śudᵊsawejᵊ sʹud° sg.nom.propr 148 3 4 advmod
xəya. хая. χəja xǣ 3sg.prs 148 4 0 root
Sʹaq Сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 149 1 2 nmod The Tungus chief fell on his back.
pad°-wi° падвы padᵊwiᵊ pad° ptcp-pf 149 2 3 nmod
yerw°-qya ервъя jerwᵊɁja yerw° sg.nom.aug 149 3 5 nsubj
tərʹi тари tərʹi tərʹi R 149 4 5 advmod
lʹasey°-q лясэй” ľasejᵊɁ lʹasi° 3sg.prs.refl 149 5 0 root
məxa-nta маханта məχanta məxa sg.gen.poss-3sg 149 6 5 obl lat
nʹih. ни’. ńiɁ nʹih adv.dat 149 7 6 case
Xa-wa-nta Хаванта χawanta xa an-ipf.gen.poss-3sg 150 1 3 obl He said before dying: lit. ʹbefore his dyingʹ, the word glossed as ”inf.impf” by Nikolaeva
nʹer°nʹa нерня ńerᵊńa nʹer°nʹana R 150 2 1 case
ma: ма: ma ma 3sg.prs 150 3 0 root
“Xumpa°ncʹiq Хумбачи” χumpaᵊnćiɁ xumpa°ncʹih R 151 1 3 advmod ”A shame I let you go (lit. sent).”
sʹit° сит śitᵊ pidər Pp2-sa 151 2 3 obj
ŋǣdara-dəm-cʹ°. нгэдарадамчь. ŋǣdaradəmćᵊ ŋǣdara 1sg.pst 151 3 0 root
Nʹe°ka-mt° Некамт ńeᵊkamtᵊ nʹe°ka sg.acc.poss-2sg 152 1 2 obj ”I should have killed you too, when I killed your elder brother.” lit. ʹduring the killing of your brother, I have had to kill you tooʹ
xada-wa-nʹi хадавани χadawańi xada an-ipf.gen.poss-1sg 152 2 7 acl
malʹ°ŋkəna мальнггана maľᵊŋkəna malʹ°ŋkəna adv.loc 152 3 2 advmod
sʹit° сит śitᵊ pidər Pp2-sa 152 4 6 obj
ŋobtərʹem нгобтарем’ ŋobtərʹem ŋobtərʹem R 152 5 6 advmod
xada-° хада χadaᵊ xada conv.mod 152 6 7 advcl
taraə-sʹ°. тарась. taraəśᵊ taraə 3sg.pst 152 7 0 root
Tʹedaxəw°h Чедахав’ ťedaχəwᵊɁ tʹedah adv.aff 153 1 2 advmod ”It looks like I’m about to die.”
xa-w°ntar°xa-d°m.” хавнтархадм’. χawᵊntarᵊχadᵊm xa 1sg.fut.aprx 153 2 0 root
Tʹiki° Чикы ťikiᵊ tʹiki° Pd 154 1 2 det Having said these words, the Tungus chief died.
wadʹi-da вадида waďida wadʹi pl.nom/acc.poss-3sg 154 2 3 obj
me-soma-x°dənta мэсомаданта mesomaχᵊdənta me an-pf.abl.poss-3sg 154 3 7 advcl
sʹaq сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 154 4 5 nmod
pad°-wi° падвы padᵊwiᵊ pad° ptcp-pf 154 5 6 nmod
yerw° ерв jerwᵊ yerw° sg.nom 154 6 7 nsubj
xa°. ха. χaᵊ xa 3sg.prs 154 7 0 root
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 155 1 2 amod The younger Waya shouted: lit. ʹsent a shoutʹ
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 155 2 4 nsubj
tʹor°-m чёр ťorᵊm tʹorʹ sg.acc 155 3 4 obj
ŋǣdara°: нгэдара: ŋǣdaraᵊ ŋǣdara 3sg.prs 155 4 0 root
“Yūq Ю” jūɁ yūq Ml 156 1 2 nummod “Everyone in these ten tents, come out!”
mʹad°-h мяд’ mʹadᵊɁ mʹa sg.gen 156 2 3 nmod
tʹer°-q, чер”, ťerᵊɁ tʹer° pl.nom 156 3 5 vocative 1 ”The expression of content often involves the additional word tʹer° roughly meaning ‘content’. It stands after the genitive noun denoting a container and functions as some kind of postposition in this case.” (N. 164)
pʹīn°h пин’ pʹīnᵊɁ pʹīn°h adv.dat 156 4 5 advmod
tərpi°-daq! тарпыда”! tərpiᵊdaɁ tərp° 2pl.imp 156 5 0 root
Tʹedaxəwah Чедахав’ ťedaχəwaɁ tʹedah adv.aff 157 1 4 advmod “Now, your chief is no more.”
yerw°-raq ервра” jerwᵊraɁ yerw° sg.nom.poss-2pl 157 2 4 nsubj
məlʹe° мале məľeᵊ məlʹe° R 157 3 4 advmod
yəŋku-ma. юнггума. jəŋkuma yəŋku neg.inch 157 4 0 root
Tʹuku° Тюку ťukuᵊ tʹiki° Pd 158 1 2 det “Move away from this land, quickly!”
ya-xəd° яхад jaχədᵊ ya sg.abl 158 2 4 obl abl
mʹer°-h мер’ mʹerᵊɁ mʹer° adv.gen 158 3 4 advmod
yamta-yi-daq! ямдаида”! jamtajidaɁ yamta 2pl.conj.refl 158 4 0 root
Tʹuku° Тюку ťukuᵊ tʹiki° Pd 159 1 2 det “This is probably the Wayas’ ancient land.”
ya я ja ya sg.nom 159 2 6 nsubj
ŋaxət° нгахат ŋaχətᵊ ŋaxət° adv.abl 159 3 6 advmod
way° вай wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 159 4 5 nmod
ya я ja ya sg.nom 159 5 6 obl pred
ŋǣ-daki°. нгэдакы. ŋǣdakiᵊ ŋǣ 3sg.prs.prob 159 6 0 root
Nʹi-b°-ta Нябта” ńibᵊta nʹī neg.cond.poss-3sg 160 1 2 aux “If you don’t leave, everybody in the camp will die.” lit. ʹwill killʹ ??
the verb is clearly a transitive one
yamta-q ямда” jamtaɁ yamta conneg 160 2 6 advcl
mal°h мал’ malᵊɁ mal°h A 160 3 5 amod
ŋīsi-h нгысы’ ŋīsiɁ ŋeso sg.gen 160 4 5 nmod
tʹer° чер ťerᵊ tʹer° sg.nom 160 5 6 nsubj
xada-ŋku-n°.” хаданггун. χadaŋkunᵊ xada 2sg.fut 160 6 0 root
Təd°xəw°h Тадхав’ tədᵊχəwᵊɁ tʹedah adv.aff 161 1 6 advmod Then the younger Waya went to the outermost tent.
nʹudʹa нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 161 2 3 amod
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 161 3 6 nsubj
wari° вары wariᵊ wari° A 161 4 5 amod
mʹa-t°h мят’ mʹatᵊɁ mʹa sg.dat 161 5 6 obl
xəya. хая. χəja xaya 3sg.prs 161 6 0 root
Wari° Вары Wariᵊ wari° A 162 1 2 amod There was an old woman in this outermost tent,
mʹa-k°na мякана mʹakᵊna mʹa sg.loc 162 2 3 obl loc
puxucʹa-ko=nʹuq, пухучакумю, puχućakońuɁ puxucʹa sg.nom.dim excl 162 3 0 root nsubj
sʹa-ta сята śata sʹaq sg.nom.poss-3sg 163 1 2 nsubj her face was without tattoos.
pad°r-cʹi. падарчи. padᵊrći pad°r 3sg.prs sg.nom.car 163 2 0 root caritive (abessive) derivate, inflected form: ʹbe without ...ʹ (N. 37)
Yed°-m Едм jedᵊm yed° sg.acc 164 1 2 obj She seemed to be cooking.
pʹirʹe-wi°. пиревы. pʹirʹewiᵊ pʹirʹe 3sg.prs.infr 164 2 0 root
Waqw°-xəna Вавхана WaɁwᵊχəna waqw sg.loc 165 1 4 obl loc Somebody was lying on the bed,
ŋob нгоб” ŋob ŋob Ml 165 2 3 det
xonʹo-da хонёда χońoda xonʹo ptcp-ipf 165 3 4 nsubj
yūsʹidaə-sʹ°, юсида, jūśidaəśᵊ yūsʹida 3sg.prs 3sg.pst 165 4 0 root sic
yil°ŋi° илхы jilᵊŋiᵊ yil°ŋi° A 166 1 2 amod it seemed like a young man.
xasawa хасава χasawa xasawa sg.nom 166 2 3 obl pred
ŋǣ-dar°xa=nʹuq. нгэрханю”. ŋǣdarᵊχańuɁ ŋǣ 3sg.prs.aprx-ipf excl 166 3 0 root 1
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 167 1 2 amod When the younger Waya entered the tent, the old woman started waking up the sleeping one:
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 167 2 4 nsubj
mʹa-t°h мят’ mʹatᵊɁ mʹa sg.dat 167 3 4 obl lat omitted in Nikolaeva’s transcript
tʹu-ma-xəd° тюмахад ťumaχədᵊ tʹu an-pf.abl 167 4 8 advcl
puxucʹa-ko-r° пухучакор puχućakorᵊ puxucʹa sg.nom.dim.poss-2sg 167 5 8 nsubj
xonʹo-da-mta хонёдамта χońodamta xonʹo ptcp-ipf.acc.poss-3sg 167 6 7 obj
yurk°bta-° юркабта jurkᵊbtaᵊ yurkiə conv.mod 167 7 8 advcl
pʹa°-da: пяда: pʹaᵊda pʹa 3sg.prs.obj-sg 167 8 0 root
“Yurkə-d°q, Юркад”, jurkədᵊɁ yurkiə 2sg.imp.refl 168 1 0 root “Wake up,”
yexara-na ехэрана jeχarana yexara ptcp-ipf 169 1 2 acl “there’s a stranger here!”
nʹenecʹ°h ненэчь’ ńenećᵊɁ nʹenecʹ sg.gen 169 2 3 nsubj glossed without a case
to°!” то! toᵊ to° 3sg.prs 169 3 0 root
Xonʹo-wi° Хонювы χońowiᵊ xonʹo ptcp-pf 170 1 2 acl The man who had been sleeping sat up.
xasawa-r° хасавар χasawarᵊ xasawa sg.nom.poss-2sg 170 2 4 nsubj
ŋamtʹo-° нгамчё ŋamťoᵊ ŋamtʹi conv.mod 170 3 4 advcl
xaqmi°-q. хамы”. χaɁmiᵊɁ xaqmor 3sg.prs.refl 170 4 0 root
Sʹaq Сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 171 1 2 nmod He didn’t seem to have any tattoos either.
pad°-wi° падвы padᵊwiᵊ pad° ptcp-pf 171 2 5 nsubj
ŋobtərʹem нгобтарем’ ŋobtərʹem ŋobtərʹem R 171 3 5 advmod
nʹi-wi° нявы ńiwiᵊ nʹī neg.3sg.infr ptcp-pf 171 4 5 aux
ŋaq. нга”. ŋaɁ ŋǣ conneg 171 5 0 root
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 172 1 amod Younger Waya sat on the bed.
Wayə-r° Ваяр Wajərᵊ Waya sg.nom.poss-2sg 172 2 nsubj
waqwə-n°h ваван’ waɁwənᵊɁ waqw sg.dat 172 3 obl lat
ŋamti°-q. нгамты”. ŋamtiᵊɁ ŋamti 3sg.prs.refl 172 4 root
Yil°ŋi° Илхы jilᵊŋiᵊ yil°ŋi° A 173 1 2 amod The young man said:
xasawa-r° хасавар χasawarᵊ xasawa sg.nom 173 2 3 nsubj
ma: ма: ma ma 3sg.prs 173 3 0 root
“Ŋəmke Нгамгэ ŋəmke ŋəmke sg.nom 174 1 2 obl pred “What tribe are you?” lit. ʹwhat is your person(hood)ʹ, i.e. ʹwho are youʹ ?
nʹenecʹant°?” ненэчант? ńenećantᵊ nʹenecʹ sg.nom.poss-2sg 174 2 0 root nsubj
“Mənʹ° Мань məńᵊ mənʹ Pp1-sn 175 1 4 nsubj (Younger Waya said:) “I am the younger Waya.”
nʹudʹa нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 175 2 3 amod
Wayə-d°m Ваядм’ Wajədᵊm Waya sg.nom 1sg.prs 175 3 4 obl pred
ŋǣ-q нгэ” ŋǣɁ ŋǣ conneg 175 4 0 root
nʹī-dəm°q. нидам”. ńīdəmᵊɁ nʹī neg.1sg.prs foc 175 5 4 aux
Pidər° Падар pidərᵊ pidər Pp2-sn 176 1 4 nmod “And what tribe are you?” Nikolaeva: ʹAnd who are you?ʹ
ŋanʹih нгани ŋańiɁ ŋanʹih R 176 2 4 cc
ŋəmke нгамгэ ŋəmke ŋəmke sg.nom 176 3 4 obl pred
nʹenecʹant°?” неннэчант? ńenećantᵊ nʹenecʹ sg.nom.poss-2sg 176 4 0 root nsubj
“Tʹexe Чехэ ťeχe tʹexe sg.nom 177 1 2 det (Young man answered:) “My old tribe was probably Waya.”
paŋk°-mʹi панггами paŋkᵊmʹi paŋk° sg.nom.poss-1sg 177 2 4 nsubj
Way° вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 177 3 4 obl pred
ŋǣ-daki°. нгэдякы. ŋǣdakiᵊ ŋǣ 3sg.prs.prob 177 4 0 root 1
Nʹu-mʹi Нюми ńumʹi nʹu sg.nom.poss-1sg 178 1 0 root nsubj “My name is Lobeku.”
Lobeku.” Лобеку. Lobeku Lobeku N 178 2 1 obl pred
“Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 179 1 2 obl pred (Younger Waya asked:) “If you are Waya, how did you end up in this camp, the Tungus camp?”
ŋǣ-b°qna-nt° нгэб”нант ŋǣbᵊɁnantᵊ ŋǣ cond-emph.poss-2sg 179 2 4 advcl
xəcʹer°q хачер’ χəćerᵊɁ xəcʹer°q Pq 179 3 4 advmod
yerʹemʹa-n° Еремян jerʹemʹanᵊ yerʹemʹa 2sg.prs 179 4 0 root
tʹuku° тюку ťukuᵊ tʹuku Pd 179 5 6 det
ŋīsi-n°h, нгысын’, ŋīsinᵊɁ ŋeso sg.dat 179 6 4 obl lat
sʹaq сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 179 7 8 nmod
pad°-wi°-h падвы’ padᵊwiᵊɁ pad° ptcp-pf.gen 179 8 9 nmod poss
ŋīsi-n°h?” нгысын? ŋīsinᵊɁ ŋeso sg.dat 179 9 6 appos
“Ŋaw°na-nta Нгавнанта ŋawᵊnanta ŋaw°na adv.poss-3sg 180 1 5 advmod (Lobeku said:) “Long ago I had two elder brothers, both Wayas.”
sʹidʹa сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 180 2 4 nummod
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 180 3 4 nmod
nʹe°ka-mʹi неками ńeᵊkamʹi nʹe°ka sg.nom/acc.poss-1sg 180 4 5 nsubj
tənʹa-wesʹ°. танявась. təńaweśᵊ tənʹa 3sg.pst.infr 180 5 0 root
Yilʹebcʹəye Илебчи” jiľebćəje yilʹebcʹə° pl.gen 181 1 3 obl “They went to hunt for wild reindeer.”
nʹam°na нямна ńamᵊna nʹamna S adv.abl 181 2 1 case
xanʹe-wəncʹ° ханеванчь χańewənćᵊ xanʹe conv.purp 181 3 4 advcl
xəya-xən-cʹ°. хаяханчь. χəjaχənćᵊ xǣ 3dl.pst 181 4 0 root
Təd° Тад tədᵊ təd° R 182 1 2 advmod “When they left, they never came back.”
xǣ-b°qnan-tʹih хэб”нанчи’ χǣbᵊɁnanťiɁ xǣ cond-emph.poss-3dl 182 2 5 advcl
pir°dərʹih пырдари’ pirᵊdərʹiɁ pir°də adv.lim 182 3 5 advmod
nʹi-xən-cʹ° нихинчь ńiχənćᵊ nʹī neg.3dl.pst 182 4 5 aux
tuq. ту”. tuɁ to° conneg 182 5 0 root
Xənʹax°wana Ханявахана χəńaχᵊwana xənʹax°wana R 183 1 2 advmod “They must have died somewhere.”
yəŋku-mex°h. юнггумэхэ’. jəŋkumeχᵊɁ yəŋku neg.3dl.prs.infr 183 2 0 root
Təd° Тад tədᵊ təd° R 184 1 6 advmod “After that the Tungus chief came,”
tʹikaxəd° чикахад ťikaχədᵊ tʹiki° sg.abl 184 2 1 advmod
sʹaq сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 184 3 4 nmod
pad°-wi° падвы padᵊwiᵊ pad° ptcp-pf 184 4 5 nmod
yerw° ерв jerwᵊ yerw° sg.nom 184 5 6 nsubj
to-sʹ°, тось, tośᵊ to° 3sg.pst 184 6 0 root
sʹid°-nʹih сидни’ śidᵊńiɁ sʹid° 1dl.acc 185 1 2 obj “(and) he took us in.”
xanaə-sʹ°. ханась. χanaəśᵊ xana 3sg.pst 185 2 0 root
Ŋədʹ°bʹa-nʹi Нгадьбяни ŋəďᵊbʹańi ŋədʹ°bʹa adv.poss-1sg 186 1 7 cc “That’s why I live in this camp with my mother now.”
tʹedah чеда’ ťedaɁ tʹedah R 186 2 7 advmod
nʹebʹa-nʹi небяни ńebʹańi nʹebʹa sg.gen.poss-1sg 186 3 7 obl
nʹah ня’ ńaɁ nʹah S 186 4 3 case ”grammaticalized non-local meaning ʹwithʹ” (N. 52)
tʹuku° тюку ťukuᵊ tʹuku Pd 186 5 6 det
ŋīsi-x°na нгусуна ŋīsiχᵊna ŋeso sg.loc 186 6 7 obl loc
yilʹe-d°m.” иледм’. jiľedᵊm yilʹe 1sg.prs 186 7 0 root
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 187 1 2 amod Younger Waya said:
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 187 2 3 nsubj
ma-q ма+ maɁ ma conneg 187 3 0 root
nʹi=w°h: нма: ńiwᵊɁ nʹī neg dub 187 4 3 aux
“Tʹedaxəw°h Чедахав’ ťedaχəwᵊɁ tʹedah adv.aff 188 1 5 advmod “I have killed all the Tungus now.” lit. ʹall our Tungusʹ ?
sʹaq сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 188 2 3 nmod
pad°-wi°-nʹi падвыни padᵊwiᵊńi pad° ptcp-pf.poss-1pl 188 3 5 obj 1
mal°h мал’ malᵊɁ mal°h A 188 4 3 amod
xadeyə-nə-sʹ°. хадэнась. χadejənəśᵊ xada 1sg.pst.obj-pl 188 5 0 root
Pidər° Падар pidərᵊ pidər° Pp2-sn 189 1 4 nsubj “You take down your tent,”
ŋanʹih нгани ŋańiɁ ŋanʹih R 189 2 4 cc
mʹa-l° мял mʹalᵊ mʹa sg.nom.poss-2sg 189 3 4 obj
xaqw°ra-d°, хаврад, χaɁwᵊradᵊ xaqw°ra° 2sg.imp 189 4 0 root
yamta-x°-waq!” ямдахава”! jamtaχᵊwaɁ yamta 1pl.hort 190 1 0 root “(and) let’s move on.”
Puxucʹa-ko Пухучаку puχućako puxucʹa sg.nom.dim 191 1 7 nsubj The old woman ate some food or maybe not, but she took down the tent.
yed°-mta едамта jedᵊmta yed° sg.acc.poss-3sg 191 2 3 obj
ŋəm-taki°, нгамдакы, ŋəmtakiᵊ ŋəm 3sg.prs.prob 191 3 7 advcl
nʹi-nʹaki°, нянякы, ńińakiᵊ nʹī neg.3sg.prs.prob 191 4 3 conj
təd° тад tədᵊ təd° R 191 5 7 advmod
mʹa-ta мята mʹata mʹa sg.acc.poss-3sg 191 6 7 obj
xaqw°ra°. хавра. χaɁwᵊraᵊ xaqw°ra° 3sg.prs 191 7 0 root
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 192 1 2 amod Younger Waya ordered:
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 192 2 3 nsubj
tabʹeda°-da: табедада: tabʹedaᵊda tabʹeda° 3sg.prs.obj-sg 192 3 0 root
“Lobeku, Лобэку, Lobeku Lobeku N 193 1 8 vocative “Lobeku, if you have good reindeer, only good reindeer should be harnessed in our caravan.” lit. ʹour caravan should be harnessed by good reindeer onlyʹ ?
səwa сава səwa səwa A 193 2 3 amod
tīt° ты” tītᵊ ti pl.gen 193 3 4 nsubj
tən°a-b°q табяб” tənᵊabᵊɁ tənʹa cond.poss-3sg 193 4 8 advcl
mʹūd°-waq мюдва” mʹūdᵊwaɁ mʹūd° sg.nom.poss-1pl 193 5 8 nsubj
səwa-rʹi савари səwarʹi səwa A sg.nom.lim 193 6 7 amod
tex°qna тэхэ”на teχᵊɁna ti pl.loc 193 7 8 obl agent
podʹer-mi° подермы poďermiᵊ podʹer ptcp-pf 193 8 0 root
ŋǣ°-ya. нгэя. ŋǣᵊja ŋǣ 3sg.juss 193 9 8 aux pass
Tay°kuna Тайкуй tajᵊkuna tay°kuna adv.loc 194 1 4 advmod “There are some good sledges over there.”
səwa сава səwa səwa A 194 2 3 amod
xən°-q хан” χənᵊɁ xən° pl.nom 194 3 4 nsubj
tənʹa°-q. таня”. təńaᵊɁ tənʹa 3pl.prs 194 4 0 root
Tʹiki° Чикы ťikiᵊ tʹiki° Pd 195 1 2 det “Choose a sledge for yourself from among those sledges.”
xən°-xət° ханхат χənᵊχətᵊ xən° pl.abl 195 2 4 obl abl
xən°-də-r° хандар χənᵊdərᵊ xən° sg.nom.predest-2sg 195 3 4 obj
soda-q!” сода”! sodaɁ soda° 2sg.imp 195 4 0 root
Lobeku Лобэку Lobeku Lobeku N 196 1 4 nsubj Lobeku took ten sledges, ten Tungus sledges.
yūq ю” jūɁ yūq Ml 196 2 3 nummod
xən°-m ханм’ χənᵊm xən° sg.acc 196 3 4 obj
soda°, сода, sodaᵊ soda° 3sg.prs 196 4 0 root
yūq ю” jūɁ yūq Ml 196 5 7 nummod
tuŋkos°-h тунггус’ tuŋkosᵊɁ tuŋkos° sg.gen 196 6 7 nmod
xən°-m. ханм’. χənᵊm xən° sg.acc 196 7 3 appos
Tīda Тыда tīda ti pl.acc.poss-3d 197 1 2 obj He harnessed his reindeer.
podʹer-yə-da. подеръяда. poďerjəda podʹer 3sg.prs.obj-pl 197 2 0 root 1
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 198 1 2 amod Younger Waya said:
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 198 2 3 nsubj
ma: ма: ma ma 3sg.prs 198 3 0 root
“Sʹaq Сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 199 1 2 nmod “No matter how many reindeer the Tungus had, let them walk behind our caravan.”
pad°-winʹi падвыни padᵊwińi pad° ptcp-pf.gen.poss-1sg 199 2 3 nmod
ti-q ты” tiɁ ti pl.nom 199 3 5 nsubj
sʹaŋok° сянгок śaŋokᵊ sʹaŋok° Pq 199 4 3 amod det
ŋǣ-sa, нгэса, ŋǣsa ŋǣ 3sg.inter 199 5 9 advcl interrogative mood (N. 97)
təŋok° тангок təŋokᵊ təŋok° Pr 199 6 9 nsubj
mʹūd°-naq мюдна” mʹūdᵊnaɁ mʹūd° sg.gen.poss-1pl 199 7 9 obl
pūmna пумна pūmna pūmna S adv.loc 199 8 7 case
tana-wi° танавы tanawiᵊ tana ptcp-pf 199 9 0 root
ŋǣ°-ya-q. нгэя”. ŋǣᵊjaɁ ŋǣ 3pl.juss 199 10 9 aux opt
Sʹaq Сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 200 1 2 nmod “The Tungus usually have many reindeer,”
pad°-wi°-q падвы” padᵊwiᵊɁ pad° ptcp-pf.pl.gen 200 2 3 nmod
tīdoh тыду’ tīdoɁ ti pl.nom.poss-3pl 200 3 5 nsubj
ŋoka нгока ŋoka ŋoka A 200 4 5 obl pred
ŋǣ-sʹ°ti-q. нгэсьты”. ŋǣśᵊtiɁ ŋǣ 3pl.hab 200 5 0 root
Tʹuku° Тюку ťukuᵊ tʹuku Pd 201 1 2 det “(but) all these reindeer were probably stolen.”
ti-q ты” tiɁ ti pl.nom 201 2 4 nsubj
mal°h малнгэ malᵊɁ mal°h A 201 3 2 amod
talʹe-wi° талевы taľewiᵊ talʹe ptcp-pf 201 4 0 root
ŋǣ-daki°-q. нгэдакы”. ŋǣdakiᵊɁ ŋǣ 3pl.prs.prob 201 5 4 aux pass
Ŋədʹ°bʹa-nʹi Нгадьбяни ŋəďᵊbʹańi ŋədʹ°bʹa R 202 1 2 advmod “That’s why I say that it would be best to take them all away.”
ma-d°m, мадм’, madᵊm ma 1sg.prs 202 2 0 root
mal°h мал’ malᵊɁ mal°h A 202 3 4 amod
xana-b°q ханаб” χanabᵊɁ xana cond.poss-3sg 202 4 2 advcl
səwa.” сава. səwa səwa A 202 5 4 obl pred
Təd° Тад tədᵊ təd° R 203 1 2 advmod Then they moved on.
yamteyə-d°q. ямдэйд”. jamtejədᵊɁ yamta 3pl.prs.refl 203 2 0 root
Nʹudʹa Нюдя ńuďa nʹudʹa A 204 1 2 amod Younger Waya reached (the place where) his murdered brother lay.
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 204 2 5 nsubj
xada-wi° хадавы χadawiᵊ xada ptcp-pf 204 3 4 acl
nʹe°ka-xənta некаханта ńeᵊkaχənta nʹe°ka sg.dat.poss-3sg 204 4 5 obl lat
tǣwi°-q. тэвы”. tǣwiᵊɁ tǣwi° 3sg.prs.refl 204 5 0 root
Tīda Тыда tīda ti pl.acc.poss-3sg 205 1 2 obj He unharnessed his reindeer,
ŋǣda°, нгэда, ŋǣdaᵊ ŋǣda° 3sg.prs 205 2 0 root
xalmʹer°-mta хальмерамта χalmʹerᵊmta xalmʹer° sg.acc.poss-3sg 206 1 4 obj (and) he put the dead body on the sledge.
xən°-h хан’ χənᵊɁ xən° sg.gen 206 2 4 obl lat
nʹih ни’ ńiɁ nʹih S adv.dat 206 3 2 case
peŋa-da. пэнгада. peŋada peŋa 3sg.prs.obj-sg 206 4 0 root
Təd° Тад tədᵊ təd° R 207 1 8 advmod After a while they reached older Waya’s camp.
tʹika-xəd° чикахад ťikaχədᵊ tʹiki° sg.abl 207 2 3 nmod
ŋəmke-h нгэмгэ’ ŋəmkeɁ ŋəmke sg.gen 207 3 8 obl
yolcʹ°ŋkəna ёльченггана jolćᵊŋkəna yolcʹ°ŋkəna S adv.loc 207 4 3 case
ŋarka нгaрка ŋarka ŋarka A 207 5 6 amod
Way°-h Вай’ WajᵊɁ Waya sg.gen 207 6 7 nmod poss
ŋīsi-n°h нгысын’ ŋīsinᵊɁ ŋeso sg.dat 207 7 8 obl lat
tǣwiə-d°q. тэвыд”. tǣwiədᵊɁ tǣwi° 3pl.prs.refl 207 8 0 root 1
Xalmʹerə-mtoh Хальмерамту’ χalmʹerəmtoɁ xalmʹer° sg.acc.poss-3pl 208 1 5 obj They put the dead body onto two skins.
sʹidʹa сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 208 2 3 nummod
xoba-h хоба’ χobaɁ xoba sg.gen 208 3 5 obl lat
nʹih ни’ ńiɁ nʹih S adv.dat 208 4 3 case
peŋa-doh. пэнгаду’. peŋadoɁ peŋa 3pl.prs.obj-sg 208 5 0 root
Lobeku-h Лобэку’ LobekuɁ Lobeku sg.gen 209 1 2 nmod poss Lobeku’s mother said:
nʹebʹa небя ńebʹa nʹebʹa sg.nom 209 2 3 nsubj
ma: манма: ma ma 3sg.prs 209 3 0 root
“Ŋəmcʹida Нгaмчида ŋəmćida ŋəmcʹida sg.nom 210 1 0 root nsubj “His muscles are still good.”
təmna тамна təmna təmna R 210 2 3 amod
səwa-q. сава”. səwaɁ səwa sg.nom.poss-3sg 210 3 1 obl pred
Xəd°rʹih Хадри’ χədᵊrʹiɁ xəd°rʹih adv.dat.lim 211 1 3 advmod “I might try to revive him.”
yilʹe-btʹe-° илебче jiľebťeᵊ yilʹe conv.mod.caus 211 2 3 advcl
xorta-nakew°. хортанакэв. χortanakewᵊ xorta 1sg.prs.prob.obj-sg 211 3 0 root
Tʹedaxəw°h Чедав’ ťedaχəwᵊɁ tʹedah adv.aff 212 1 4 advmod “Make a big fire now!”
ŋarka нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 212 2 3 amod
tu-d°-mdaq тура” tudᵊmdaɁ tu sg.acc.predest-2pl 212 3 4 obj
pʹata°-daq!” пятада”! pʹataᵊdaɁ pʹata 2pl.imp 212 4 0 root
Ŋarka Нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 213 1 2 amod They made a big fire.
tu-mtoh тумту’ tumtoɁ tu sg.acc.poss-3pl 213 2 3 obj
pʹata°-q. пята”. pʹataᵊɁ pʹata 3pl.prs 213 3 0 root
Tʹikawaxəna Чикавахана ťikawaχəna tʹiki° sg.nom.aff 214 1 3 det Then Lobeku’s mother laid herself on the dead body,
Lobeku-h Лобэку’ LobekuɁ Lobeku sg.gen 214 2 3 nmod poss
nʹebʹa Небя ńebʹa nʹebʹa sg.nom 214 3 6 nsubj
xalmʹer-nta хальмерта χalmʹernta xalmʹer sg.gen.poss-3sg 214 4 6 obl lat
nʹih ни’ ńiɁ nʹih S adv.dat 214 5 4 case
pintʹery°-q, пындерий”, pinťerjᵊɁ pintʹery° 3sg.prs.refl 214 6 0 root
təd° тад tədᵊ təd° cc 215 1 4 cc and she kicked around its flanks.
xǣw°xe-ta хэвхэда χǣwᵊχeta xǣw°xe sg.nom.poss-3sg 215 2 4 obl ptcp-ipf ?
nʹamna нямна ńamna nʹamna S adv.abl 215 3 2 case
suxubta°-da. сухубтада. suχubtaᵊda suxubta° 3sg.prs.refl 215 4 0 root
Xa-wi° Хавы χawiᵊ xa ptcp-pf 216 1 2 acl The dead man moved his arms and legs,
nʹenecʹ°h ненэчь’ ńenećᵊɁ nʹenecʹ sg.gen 216 2 5 nsubj
ŋudʹi-da нхудида, ŋuďida ŋudʹi pl.acc.poss-3sg 216 3 5 obj
ŋǣ-da нгэда ŋǣda ŋǣ (2) pl.acc.poss-3sg 216 4 3 conj
məncabte-y°-da, мансабтэйда, məncabtejᵊda məncabte 3sg.prs.obj-pl 216 5 0 root
sǣw°-da сэвда sǣwᵊda sǣw° pl.acc.poss-3sg 217 1 2 obj and he opened his eyes.
nʹaŋk°rŋa. нянггарнга. ńaŋkᵊrŋa nʹaŋk°rŋa 3sg.prs 217 2 0 root
Lobeku-h Лобэку’ LobekuɁ Lobeku sg.gen 218 1 2 nmod poss Lobeku’s mother said:
nʹebʹa небя ńebʹa nʹebʹa sg.nom 218 2 3 nsubj
ma: ма: ma ma 3sg.prs 218 3 0 root
“Təmna-rka. Тамнарка. təmnarka təmna adv.comp 219 1 0 root “It’s not over yet.” 1 comparative -rka: comparison, low intensity (N. 133)
Ŋarka Нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 220 1 2 amod “Let him lie in the heat of the big fire.”
tu-h ту’ tuɁ tu sg.gen 220 2 3 nmod
yadʹo-xəna ядёхана jaďoχəna yadʹo sg.loc 220 3 4 obl loc
yūsʹida°-ya. юсидая. jūśidaᵊja yūsʹida 3sg.juss 220 4 0 root
Pūna Пуна pūna pūna adv.loc 221 1 4 advmod “Later he will sit up himself.”
xər°-ta харта χərᵊta xər° refl.3sg 221 2 4 expl
ŋamtʹo-° нгамчё ŋamťoᵊ ŋamtʹi conv.mod 221 3 4 advcl
xaqm°-cu-q.” хамсу”. χaɁmᵊcuɁ xaqmor 3sg.nec.refl 221 4 0 root
Ŋəmke-h Нгамгэ’ ŋəmkeɁ ŋəmke sg.gen 222 1 6 obl After a while older Waya sat up.
yolcʹ°ŋkəna ёльчанггана jolćᵊŋkəna yolcʹ°ŋkəna S adv.loc 222 2 1 case
ŋarka нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 222 3 4 amod
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 222 4 6 nsubj
ŋamtʹo-° нгамчё ŋamťoᵊ ŋamtʹi conv.mod 222 5 6 advcl
xaqmi°-q. хамыˮ. χaɁmiᵊɁ xaqmor 3sg.prs.refl 222 6 0 root
Yilʹe-na Илена jiľena yilʹe ptcp-ipf 223 1 4 advcl He came back to life. lit. ʹhe went in likeness of a living manʹ ?
nʹenecʹ°h ненэчь’ ńenećᵊɁ nʹenecʹ sg.gen 223 2 1 nsubj
toql°xa-ŋe° толхангэ toɁlᵊχaŋeᵊ toql°xa sg.nom.ess 223 3 1 advmod
xəya. хая. χəja xǣ 3sg.prs 223 4 0 root
Lobeku-h Лобэку’ LobekuɁ Lobeku sg.gen 224 1 2 nmod poss Lobeku’s mother said:
nʹebʹa небя ńebʹa nʹebʹa sg.nom 224 2 3 nsubj
ma: ма: ma ma 3sg.prs 224 3 0 root
“Ŋarka Нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 225 1 2 amod “I have brought older Waya back to life.”
Way°-mʹi Ваями Wajᵊmʹi Waya sg.acc.poss-1sg 225 2 3 obj
yilʹe-btʹe°-wə-sʹ°. илебчевась. jiľebťeᵊwəśᵊ yilʹe 1sg.prs.caus.obj-sg 225 3 0 root
Ŋotaŋoq Нготанго” ŋotaŋoɁ ŋotaŋoq Qg 226 1 6 discourse “But in any case I myself won’t live long.”
xər°q-n° харни χərᵊɁnᵊ xər° refl.1sg 226 2 6 nsubj
pon°ku-h понку’ ponᵊkuɁ pon°ku adv.dat 226 3 4 advmod
yilʹe-wənta-d°m илевндадм’ jiľewəntadᵊm yilʹe ptcp-fut.poss-1sg 226 4 6 advcl pred
wunʹi-d°m вунидм’ wuńidᵊm nʹī neg.1sg 226 5 6 aux
ŋaq. нга”. ŋaɁ ŋǣ conneg 226 6 0 root
Xəd°rʹih Хадри’ χədᵊrʹiɁ xəd°rʹih adv.dat.lim 227 1 2 advmod “I will probably die.”
xa-w°ntar°xa-d°m. хавнтархадм’. χawᵊntarᵊχadᵊm xa 1sg.fut.aprx 227 2 0 root
Xa-b°qna-nʹi Хаб”нани χabᵊɁnańi xa cond-emph.poss-1sg 228 1 5 advcl “When I die, that tent over there will be used as my death bed.” lit. ʹin case of my dying, I may use ...ʹ
tay°kuy° тайкуй tajᵊkujᵊ tay°kuy° Pd 228 2 3 det
mʹaq-mʹi мями mʹaɁmʹi mʹa sg.acc.poss-1sg 228 3 5 nsubj
mʹaron-tə-nʹi мярондани mʹarontəńi mʹaron sg.gen.predest-1sg 228 4 5 obl pred
me-bcakew°. мэцакэв. mebcakewᵊ me 1sg.pot.obj-sg 228 5 0 root pass 1 potential mood: 1st person expresses a promise for event in a remote time, a mere possibility (N. 92)
Mənʹ° Мань məńᵊ mənʹ Pp1-sn 229 1 2 nmod “After I die, kill a reindeer calf by the door of my tent,”
xa-qma-xəd°nʹi ха”махадни χaɁmaχədᵊńi xa an-pf.abl.poss-1sg 229 2 7 advcl
mʹaq-nʹi мяни mʹaɁńi mʹa sg.gen.poss-1sg 229 3 4 nmod
nʹo-x°na нёхона ńoχᵊna nʹo sg.loc 229 4 7 obl loc
ŋob нгоб” ŋob ŋob Ml 229 5 6 nummod
su°qlʹa-ko-m суляком’ suᵊɁľakom su°qlʹa sg.acc.dim 229 6 7 obj
xada-yi-daq, хадаида”, χadajidaɁ xada 2pl.subj 229 7 0 root
sʹī°-h си’ śīᵊɁ sʹīŋ sg.gen 230 1 5 obl loc “(and) kill a reindeer bull at the side on entrance.”
nʹana няна ńana nʹa S adv.loc 230 2 1 case
ŋob нгоб” ŋob ŋob Ml 230 3 4 nummod
xora-m хорам’ χoram xora sg.acc 230 4 5 obj
xada-yi-daq. хадаида”. χadajidaɁ xada 2pl.subj 230 5 0 root
Tʹika-nta Чиканта ťikanta tʹiki° sg.gen.poss-3sg 231 1 3 nsubj “That will be enough.”
masʹ° мась maśᵊ masʹ° R 231 2 3 advmod
ŋǣ-ŋku. нгэнггу. ŋǣŋku ŋǣ 3sg.fut 231 3 0 root
Mənʹ° Мань məńᵊ mənʹ Pp1-sn 232 1 5 nsubj “I will become a spirit protector for women.” lit. ʹI will go further as a spirit-grannyʹ ?
ŋanʹih нгани ŋańiɁ ŋanʹih R 232 2 5 advmod
yamʹīnʹa яминя jamʹīńa yamʹīnʹa sg.nom 232 3 4 nmod
puxucʹa-ŋe° пухучангэ puχućaŋeᵊ puxucʹa sg.nom.ess 232 4 5 obl pred
xan°təə-d°m.” хатадм’. χanᵊtəədᵊm xǣ 1sg.fut 232 5 0 root
Tʹi Чи, ťi tʹi Pd 233 1 3 obj That’s what they did.
tərʹem тарем’ tərʹem tərʹem Qg 233 2 3 advmod
sʹerta°-doh. сертаду’. śertaᵊdoɁ sʹerta 3pl.prs.obj-sg 233 3 0 root
Tərʹem Тарем’ tərʹem tərʹem Qg 234 1 2 advmod After that, older Waya said:
sʹerta-ma-x°dən-toh сертамахаданту’ śertamaχᵊdəntoɁ sʹerta an-pf.abl.poss-3pl 234 2 5 advcl
ŋarka нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 234 3 4 amod
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 234 4 5 nsubj
ma: ма: ma ma 3sg.prs 234 5 0 root
“Xəd°rʹih Харди’ χədᵊrʹiɁ xəd°rʹih adv.dat.lim 235 1 2 advmod “We’ll definitely move on.”
yamta-ŋku-naq. ямданггуна”. jamtaŋkunaɁ yamta 1pl.fut.refl 235 2 0 root
Tʹedaxəw°h Чедав’ ťedaχəwᵊɁ tʹedah adv.aff 236 1 0 root “We have many reindeer now,”
tīnaq тына” tīnaɁ ti pl.nom.poss-1pl 236 2 1 nsubj
ŋoka=nʹuq, нгоканю”, ŋokańuɁ ŋoka A excl 236 3 1 obl pred
nʹesey° несяй ńesejᵊ nʹesey° A 237 1 2 amod “it would be best to move on.”
ya-n°h ян’ janᵊɁ ya sg.dat 237 2 3 obl lat
yamta-b°q ямдаб” jamtabᵊɁ yamta cond 237 3 4 advcl
səwa. сава. səwa səwa A 237 4 0 root
Təd° Тад tədᵊ təd° R 238 1 2 advmod So they moved on.
yamteyə-d°q. ямдэйд”. jamtejədᵊɁ yamteyə 3pl.prs.refl 238 2 0 root
Ŋarka Нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 239 1 2 amod They put up their tents in the middle of a big plain.
ləbta-h лабта’ ləbtaɁ ləbta sg.gen 239 2 3 nmod
yer-nʹa ерня jerńa yer sg.loc 239 3 5 obl loc
mʹa-toh мяту’ mʹatoɁ mʹa sg.acc.poss-3pl 239 4 5 obj
mʹarə°-q. мяра’. mʹarəᵊɁ mʹarə° 3pl.prs 239 5 0 root 1
Sʹidʹa Сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 240 1 2 nummod Both Wayas were hunting again, Lobeku too. lit. ʹхождаахѫ ловитъʹ
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 240 2 5 nsubj
ŋanʹih нгани’ ŋańiɁ ŋanʹih R 240 3 5 advmod
xanʹe-wəncʹ° ханеванчь χańewənćᵊ xanʹe conv.purp 240 4 5 advcl
xǣ-sʹ°ti-x°h, хэсетыни’, χǣśᵊtiχᵊɁ xǣ 3dl.hab 240 5 0 root
Lobeku Лобэку Lobeku Lobeku N 240 6 2 conj
ŋobtərʹem. нгобтарем’. ŋobtərʹem ŋobtərʹem R 240 7 6 amod
Yo°r-pə-toh Ёрпату’ joᵊrpətoɁ yo°r cond.poss-3pl 241 1 2 advcl They went fishing as well. lit. ʹif they would fish, there were fishingʹ ?
yo°r-cʹəti°-q. ёрчеты”. joᵊrćətiᵊɁ yo°r 3pl.hab 241 2 0 root
Wǣqnuy° Вэнуй WǣɁnujᵊ wǣqnuy° sg.nom 242 1 3 nsubj Spring came. ”Some weather-related expressions are formally transitive” (N. 229)
nuwoda нувода nuwoda num pl.acc.poss-3sg 242 2 3 obj
pʹay°-da. пяйда. pʹajᵊda pʹa 3sg.prs.obj-sg 242 3 0 root
Ŋəwoq Нгаву” ŋəwoɁ ŋəwoq R 243 1 2 advmod One day, Lobeku said to the two Wayas:
pʹir°-kəqna пиркана pʹirᵊkəɁna pʹir° pl.loc 243 2 8 advmod
Lobeku Лобэку Lobeku Lobeku N 243 3 8 nsubj
xasawa хасава χasawa xasawa sg.nom 243 4 3 appos
sʹidʹa сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 243 5 6 nummod
Way°-xəyu-ta Вайхаюта Wajᵊχəjuta Waya dl.gen.poss-3sg 243 6 8 obl iobj
nʹah ня ńaɁ nʹah S adv.dat 243 7 6 case
ma: ма: ma ma 3sg.prs 243 8 0 root
“Yude-mʹi Юдэми judemʹi yude sg.nom.poss-1sg 244 1 2 nsubj “I had a dream.” lit. ʹa dream of mine existsʹ
tənʹa°. таня. təńaᵊ tənʹa 3sg.prs 244 2 0 root
Yuder-pəqna-nʹi Юдэрпанни juderpəɁnańi yude cond-emph.poss-1sg 245 1 8 obl loc “In my dream a traveller came here from the place where that Tungus was killed,”
sʹeney° сеней śenejᵊ sʹenʹey° R 245 2 5 advmod Cyr. writing is the same for sʹeney° and sʹenʹey° used above.
sʹaq сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 245 3 4 nmod
pad°-wi°-m падвым’ padᵊwiᵊm pad° ptcp-pf.acc 245 4 5 obj
xada-qma-xəd° хадаˮмахад χadaɁmaχədᵊ xada an-pf.abl 245 5 7 advcl obl:abl
təqlʹ°nʹah тальня’ təɁľᵊńaɁ təqlʹ°nʹah adv.dat 245 6 7 advmod
ŋǣdalʹo-da нгэдалёда ŋǣdaľoda ŋǣdal ptcp-ipf 245 7 8 advcl csubj
mʹiŋa, минга, mʹiŋa mʹim 3sg.prs 245 8 0 root
mʹin-tar°xa. миндярха. mʹintarᵊχa mʹim 3sg.prs.aprx-ipf 245 9 8 conj ”present and past [approximative] exist in perfective and imperfective forms” (N. 101)
Sʹeney° Сеней śenejᵊ sʹenʹey° R 246 1 2 advmod “It seems that that murdered Tungus chief is alive,”
xada-wi° хадавы χadawiᵊ xada ptcp-pf 246 2 5 acl
sʹaq сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 246 3 4 nmod
pad°-wi° падвы padᵊwiᵊ pad° ptcp-pf 246 4 5 nmod
yerw° ерв jerwᵊ yerw° sg.nom 246 5 6 nsubj
yilʹe-nar°xa, иленарха, jiľenarᵊχa yilʹe 3sg.prs.aprx-ipf 246 6 0 root
təqlʹ°nʹah тальня təɁľᵊńaɁ təqlʹ°nʹah adv.dat 247 1 2 advmod “and he is coming here.”
mʹin-tar°xa, миндярха, mʹintarᵊχa mʹim 3sg.prs.aprx-ipf 247 2 0 root
to-nar°xa. торха. tonarᵊχa to° 3sg.prs.aprx-ipf 247 3 2 conj
Nʹi-r°xawi° Нярхавы ńirᵊχawiᵊ nʹī neg.3sg.prs.rep 248 1 2 aux “It seems he didn’t die.” reportative -rəxawi: unwitnessed event known from hearsay, speaker less certain than in inferential (N. 96)
xa-q.” ха”. χaɁ xa conneg 248 2 0 root 1
Sʹan°-rʹi Сянри śanᵊrʹi sʹan° A sg.nom.lim 249 1 2 amod det A few days passed.
yalʹa яла jaľa yalʹa sg.nom 249 2 3 nsubj
xǣ-naki°. хэнякы. χǣnakiᵊ xǣ 3sg.prs.prob 249 3 0 root
Ŋəmke-h Нгвмгэ’ ŋəmkeɁ ŋəmke sg.gen 250 1 10 obl After a while a traveller did indeed appear.
yolcʹ°ŋkəna ёльчанггана jolćᵊŋkəna yolcʹ°ŋkəna S adv.loc 250 2 1 case
tʹi чи ťi tʹi R 250 3 10 advmod
ŋǣ-q нгэ” ŋǣɁ ŋǣ conneg 250 4 7 advcl
nʹī=w°q нив”, ńīwᵊɁ nʹī neg dub 250 5 4 aux
ŋob нгоб” ŋob ŋob Ml 250 6 7 amod det
ŋǣdalʹo-da нэдалёда ŋǣdaľoda ŋǣdal ptcp-ipf 250 7 10 advcl csubj
nʹenesʹa-rʹi ненэсяри ńeneśarʹi nʹenesʹa sg.nom.lim 250 8 10 advmod
ŋoq нго” ŋoɁ ŋoq R 250 9 10 advmod
ŋədʹi-mʹa. нгaдимя. ŋəďimʹa ŋədʹi 3sg.prs.inch 250 10 0 root
Sʹīqw° Сиив śīɁwᵊ sʹīqw° Ml 251 1 2 nummod He came riding seven reindeer does.
xabt°rka-m хабтаркам’ χabtᵊrkam xabt°rka sg.acc 251 2 3 obj
meqŋa. мэнга. meɁŋa me 3sg.prs 251 3 0 root
Ŋarka Нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 252 1 2 amod Older Waya said to Lobeku:
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 252 2 5 nsubj
Lobeku Лобэку Lobeku Lobeku N 252 3 4 nmod
xasawa-n°h хасаван’ χasawanᵊɁ xasawa sg.dat 252 4 5 obl iobj
ma: ма: ma ma 3sg.prs 252 5 0 root
“Yude-na Юдэна judena yude sg.loc 253 1 2 obl loc “Is this the one you dreamt about?”
məneq-me-r° манэмэр məneɁmerᵊ məneq ptcp-pf.poss-2sg 253 2 3 advcl
tʹi?” чии? ťi tʹi Pd 253 3 0 root nsubj
“Ŋa°q, Нгаа, ŋaᵊɁ ŋa°q Qg 254 1 3 discourse (Lobeku said:) “Yes, it seems to be him.”
tʹika-r° чикар ťikarᵊ tʹiki° Pd sg.nom.poss-2sg 254 2 3 nsubj
ŋǣ-dar°xa=nʹuq. нгэрханю”. ŋǣdarᵊχańuɁ ŋǣ 3sg.prs.aprx-ipf excl 254 3 0 root
Sʹiyek°-mʹi Сиеками śijekᵊmʹi sʹiyek° sg.nom.poss-1sg 255 1 2 nsubj “I don’t lie.”
yəŋku.” юнггу. jəŋku yəŋku neg 255 2 0 root
“Tə Та tə tə (2) R 256 1 4 advmod (Older Waya said:) “Then let him come!”
ŋǣ°-ya, нгэя, ŋǣᵊja ŋǣ 3sg.juss 256 2 4 discourse
ŋǣ°-ya, нгэя, ŋǣᵊja ŋǣ 3sg.juss 256 3 2 discourse
to-ya=wa!” тоява! tojawa to° 3sg.juss asrt 256 4 0 root
Nʹenesʹa Ненэся ńeneśa nʹenesʹa sg.nom 257 1 6 advmod The Tungus chief was indeed coming,
ŋoq нго” ŋoɁ ŋoq R 257 2 6 advmod
sʹaq сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 257 3 4 nmod
pad°-wi° падвы padᵊwiᵊ pad° ptcp-pf 257 4 5 nmod
yerw° ерв jerwᵊ yerw° sg.nom 257 5 6 nsubj
mʹiŋa, минга, mʹiŋa mʹiŋa 3sg.prs 257 6 0 root
sʹīqw° сиив śīɁwᵊ sʹīqw° Ml 258 1 2 nummod he travelled using seven reindeer does.
xabt°rka-m хабтаркам’ χabtᵊrkam xabt°rka sg.acc 258 2 3 obj
me-cʹ° мэчь mećᵊ me conv.mod 258 3 4 advcl
ŋǣdali°. нгэдалы. ŋǣdaliᵊ ŋǣdaley° 3sg.prs 258 4 0 root
Məlʹe° Мале məľeᵊ məlʹe° R 259 1 3 advmod He was already close by.
təqlʹ°nʹah тальня’ təɁľᵊńaɁ təqlʹ°nʹah adv.dat 259 2 3 advmod
to°. то. toᵊ to° 3sg.prs 259 3 0 root
Nʹero Неро ńero nʹero sg.nom 260 1 2 nmod He was about to cross the river with bushes,
yəxa-m яхам’ jəχam yəxa sg.acc 260 2 3 obj
məda-ŋku-da-sʹ°, маданггудась, mədaŋkudaśᵊ məda 3sg.fut-pst.obj-sg 260 3 0 root
sʹīqw° сиив śīɁwᵊ sʹīqw° Ml 261 1 2 nummod (but) his seven reindeer does suddenly jerked. “This can perhaps be literally interpreted as ‘to (suddenly) pull on the harness’ even though the referent ‘harness’ does not need to have been mentioned previously.” (N. 230)
xabt°rka-da хабтаркада χabtᵊrkada xabt°rka sg.nom.poss-3sg 261 2 4 nsubj
ler°kəbt°h лэркабт’ lerᵊkəbtᵊɁ ler°kəbt°h R 261 3 4 advmod
wərcʹad°tʹe°-doh. варчадтеду’. wərćadᵊťeᵊdoɁ wərcʹad°tʹe° 3pl.prs.obj-sg 261 4 0 root
Pida Пада pida pida Pp3msn 262 1 5 nsubj He fell from the sledge and sank into the water.
ŋanʹih нгани ŋańiɁ ŋanʹih R 262 2 5 cc
xən°-xəd° ханхад χənᵊχədᵊ xən° sg.abl 262 3 5 obl abl
lʹasʹo-° лясё ľaśoᵊ lʹasi° conv.mod 262 4 5 advcl
xaqmi°-q, хамы”, χaɁmiᵊɁ xaqmor 3sg.prs.refl 262 5 0 root
yi-t°h ит’ jitᵊɁ yi sg.dat 262 6 5 obl lat
seyə°. сэя. sejəᵊ seyə° 3sg.prs 262 7 5 conj
Sʹan° Сян śanᵊ sʹan° A 263 1 3 nsubj He couldn’t be seen any longer. lit. ʹindeed, anything (of him) was not visibleʹ ?
nʹī ни ńī nʹī neg 263 2 3 advmod
ŋədʹi=w°q. нгадив”. ŋəďiwᵊɁ ŋədʹi 3sg.prs dub 263 3 0 root
Yi-t°h Ит’ jitᵊɁ yi sg.dat 264 1 2 obl lat He probably drowned.
seyə-naki°. сэянакы. sejənakiᵊ seyə° 3sg.prs.prob 264 2 0 root
Tʹi Чи, ťi tʹi Pd 265 1 3 det When this happened, Lobeku grabbed his lasso,
tərcʹa тарча tərća tərcʹa A 265 2 3 amod det
sʹer°-h сер’ śerᵊɁ sʹer° sg.gen 265 3 4 nsubj
ŋǣ-sʹ° нгэсь ŋǣśᵊ ŋǣ conv.mod 265 4 8 advcl
Lobeku Лобеку Lobeku Lobeku N 265 5 6 nmod
xasawa хасава χasawa xasawa sg.nom 265 6 8 nsubj
tīncʹa-mta тынчамта tīnćamta tīncʹa sg.acc.poss-3sg 265 7 8 obj
nʹəqmə°-da, нямада, ńəɁməᵊda nʹəqm° 3sg.prs.obj-sg 265 8 0 root
tǣmk°-m тэмгам’ tǣmkᵊm tǣmk° sg.acc 266 1 2 obj (and) he caught the (Tungus chief’s) best reindeer, while the does were climbing up to the riverbank.
yarkə°-da яркада jarkəᵊda yarkə° 3sg.prs.obj-sg 266 2 0 root
xabt°rk-ita хабтаркыда χabtᵊrkita xabt°rka pl.gen.poss-3sg 266 3 6 nsubj
yəxa-h яха’ jəχaɁ yəxa sg.gen 266 4 5 nmod
waru-wəna варувна waruwəna war° sg.prol 266 5 6 obl
tən°da-na-n°h. танданан’. tənᵊdananᵊɁ tən°da ptcp-ipf.dat 266 6 2 advcl
Təd° Тад tədᵊ təd° R 267 1 3 advmod Then he unharnessed his reindeer.
tīda тыда tīda ti pl.acc.poss-3sg 267 2 3 obj
ŋǣde-y°-da. нгэдэйда. ŋǣdejᵊda ŋǣda° 3sg.prs.obj-pl 267 3 0 root 1
Ŋarka Нарка ŋarka ŋarka A 268 1 2 amod Older Waya said:
Way° Вай Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 268 2 3 nsubj
ma-q ма+ maɁ ma conneg 268 3 0 root
nʹi=w°h: нма: ńiwᵊɁ nʹī neg dub 268 4 3 aux
“Tərʹem Тарем’ tərʹem tərʹem Qg 269 1 2 advmod “Let it be so.”
ŋǣ°-ya. нгэя. ŋǣᵊja ŋǣ 3sg.juss 269 2 0 root
Sʹīqw° Сиив śīɁwᵊ sʹīqw° Ml 270 1 2 nummod “We will harness his seven reindeer does.”
xabt°rka-mta хабтаркамта χabtᵊrkamta xabt°rka sg.acc.poss-3sg 270 2 4 obj
mənʹaq маня” məńaɁ mənʹaq Pp1-sn 270 3 4 nsubj
me-t°-nakewaq. мэтнакэва”. metᵊnakewaɁ me 1pl.fut.prob 270 4 0 root
Tʹedaxəwah Чедахав’ ťedaχəwaɁ tʹedah adv.aff 271 1 8 advmod “Now that the Tungus chief has drowned in the river, he will surely die,”
sʹaq сяд śaɁ sʹaq sg.nom 271 2 3 nmod
pad°-wi° падвы padᵊwiᵊ pad° ptcp-pf 271 3 4 nmod
yerw° ерв jerwᵊ yerw° sg.nom 271 4 6 nsubj
yi-t°h ит’ jitᵊɁ yi sg.dat 271 5 6 obl lat
seyə-qma-xəd° сэя”махад sejəɁmaχədᵊ seyə° an-pf.abl 271 6 8 an-pf.abl
pʹilʹiq пили” pʹiľiɁ pʹilʹiq R 271 7 8 advmod
xa-ŋku, ханггу, χaŋku xa 3sg.fut 271 8 0 root
sʹan° сян śanᵊ sʹan° A 272 1 3 nsubj “(and) he won’t come back.”
nʹī ни ńī nʹī neg 272 2 3 aux
tū-t°-q. тут”. tūtᵊɁ to° conneg.fut 272 3 0 root
Xurka-sʹiq Хуркаси” χurkaśiɁ xurka sg.nom.car 273 1 2 amod “We will probably live without any troubles.”
xəra-sʹiq хараси” χəraśiɁ xəra sg.nom.car 273 2 3 obl
yilʹe-ŋko-dakewaq. иленггоданакэва”. jiľeŋkodakewaɁ yilʹe 1pl.fut.prob 273 3 0 root
Tʹi Чи, ťi tʹi Pd 274 1 3 nsubj This is the end of my tale.
ləx°nako-nʹi лаханакони ləχᵊnakońi ləx°nako sg.gen.poss-1sg 274 2 4 nmod
tə та tə tə (2) R 274 3 0 root
walakə-da. валакада. walakəda walakə sg.nom.poss-3sg 274 4 3 obl pred
Sʹidʹa Сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 275 1 2 nummod The two Wayas started living with Lobeku in the same camp.
Way° Вай, Wajᵊ Waya sg.nom 275 2 8 nsubj
Lobeku Лoбэку Lobeku Lobeku N 275 3 4 nmod
xasawa хасава χasawa xasawa sg.nom 275 4 2 conj
ŋob нгоб” ŋob ŋob Ml 275 5 6 nummod
ŋīsi-xəna нгысына ŋīsiχəna ŋeso sg.loc 275 6 7 obl loc
yilʹe-° иле jiľeᵊ yilʹe conv.mod 275 7 8 advcl
pʹa°-doh. пяду’. pʹaᵊdoɁ pʹa 3pl.obj-pl 275 8 0 root
Lobeku Лобэку Lobeku Lobeku N 276 1 2 nmod Lobeku married older Waya’s daughter. lit. ʹtook for a wifeʹ
xasawa хасава χasawa xasawa sg.nom 276 2 8 nsubj
ŋarka нгарка ŋarka ŋarka A 276 3 4 amod
Way°-h Вай’ WajᵊɁ Waya sg.gen 276 4 6 nmod poss
nʹe не ńe nʹe nmod 276 5 6 nmod
nʹū-m нюм’ ńūm nʹū sg.acc 276 6 8 obj
nʹe-d°-nta неданта ńedᵊnta nʹe sg.gen.dim.predest-3sg 276 7 8 obl pred
me°-da. мэда. meᵊda me 3sg.prs.obj-sg 276 8 0 root
Səwa-w°na Сававна səwawᵊna səwa A sg.prol 277 1 2 advmod He started to live well
yilʹe-ly°-q. илелий”. jiľeljᵊɁ yilʹe 3sg.prs.inch.refl 277 2 0 root
Sʹidʹa Сидя śiďa sʹidʹa Ml 278 1 2 nummod And the two Wayas kept hunting wild reindeer,
Way°-h Вай WajᵊɁ Waya sg.gen 278 2 6 nsubj
ŋanʹih нгани’ ŋańiɁ ŋanʹih R 278 3 6 cc
yilʹebcʹə-h илебчь’ jiľebćəɁ yilʹebcʹə sg.gen 278 4 6 obl
nʹamna нямна ńamna nʹamna S adv.abl 278 5 4 case
xanʹe-sʹəti-x°h, ханедетыхи’, χańeśətiχᵊɁ xanʹe 3dl.hab 278 6 0 root
xalʹa-m халям’ χaľam xalʹa sg.acc 279 1 2 obj and (they kept) catching fish.
xadabə-sʹ°ti-x°h. хадабасетыхи’. χadabəśᵊtiχᵊɁ xadabə 3dl.hab 279 2 0 root
Ləx°nako-nʹi Лаханакони Ləχᵊnakońi ləx°nako sg.gen.poss-1sg 280 1 2 nmod That’s the end of my tale. lit. ʹsuch (is) the likeness of my taleʹ
pʹir°-da. пирда. pʹirᵊda pʹir° sg.nom.poss-3sg 280 2 0 root