Pramene ● Prehliadač

Halotti beszéd és könyörgés
Pray-Kódex (ca. 1192-1195), OSzK MNy 1, 136r

Funeral Speech, the oldest attested example of a longer Hungarian (and Uralic) text.
Dictionary: link

Literature:
Jablonský, Dávid (2022) Pohrebná reč a modlitba (Halotti beszéd és könyörgés) z Prayovho kódexu a pokus o slovenský preklad textu a jeho interpretáciu. Studia Historica Nitriensia 26/2. 458-470. (link)
Klaniczay, Tibor (ed., 1978) Old Hungarian Literary Reader: 11th-18th centuries. Budapest: Corvina Kiadó.




plain notes translation source

Latin diplomatic



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1: [Sermo lemma: sermo
form: sg.nom

translation: [Title, Latin] Funeral speech

ſup lemma: super
form: preposition

ſepulchrum.] lemma: sepulcher
form: sg.abl

2: Latiatuc lemma: lát 'see'
form: 2pl.prs.obj

translation: You see, my brothers and sisters, with you own eyes, what we are.

feleym lemma: fél 'fellow, half'
form: pl.poss-pl.1sg

ȝumtuchel lemma: szem 'eye'
form: sg.inst.poss-1pl

mic lemma: mi (2) 'what'
form: pl.nom

3: vogmuc. lemma: van 'be'
form: 1pl.prs

yſa lemma: isa 'truly'
form: adverb

translation: Verily, we are ash and dust.

pur· lemma: por 'dust'
form: sg.nom

eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

chomuv lemma: hamu 'ash'
form: sg.nom

Szabó: homou > hamu

uogmuc. lemma: van 'be'
form: 1pl.prs

Menyi lemma: mennyi 'how much'
form: interrogative

translation: In how much grace (He) created our forefather Adam at first,

miloſtben lemma: malaszt 'grace'
form: sg.iness

inessive -ben

4: terumteve lemma: teremt 'create'
form: 3sg.pst.r

r: archaic narrative past -é (< -eve ?)

eleve lemma: eleve 'first'
form: adverb

miv lemma: mi 'we'
form: 1pl.nom

Szabó: miv > miü > mí > mi

iſemucut lemma: ős 'ancestor'
form: sg.acc.poss-1pl

adamut. lemma: Ádám 'Adam'
form: sg.acc

eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

translation: and (He) had granted him Paradise as his house.

odutta lemma: ad 'give'
form: 3sg.pst.obj

vola lemma: van 'be'
form: 3sg.pst.r

neki lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.dat

5: paradiſumut lemma: Paradicsom 'Paradise'
form: sg.acc

haȝóá. lemma: ház 'house'
form: sg.trans

translative -vá

Eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

translation: And from all in-the-Paradise-being fruits (He) told him to eat:

mend lemma: mind 'all'
form: indefinite

paradiſumben lemma: Paradicsom 'Paradise'
form: sg.iness

uolov lemma: van 'be'
form: ptcp.prs

gimilcictul lemma: gyümölcs 'fruit'
form: pl.abl

6: munda lemma: mond 'say'
form: 3sg.pst.r

archaic past -á

neki lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.dat

elnie: lemma: él 'live, feed'
form: inf.3sg

Heon lemma: heon 'only'
form: adverb

translation: (He) just forbade him (to eat) from the fruit of one tree.

adverbian -on

tilutoa lemma: tilt 'forbid'
form: 3sg.pst.obj

ptcp.pst + poss-3sg ?

wt lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.acc

ig+ lemma: egy 'one'
form: text numeral

fa lemma: fa 'tree'
form: sg.nom

gimilce·tvl. lemma: gyümölcs 'fruit'
form: sg.abl.poss-3sg

Ge· lemma: de 'and, but'
form: conjunction

translation: And he told him, why he should not eat (from it):

7: mundoa lemma: mond 'say'
form: 3sg.pst.r

neki lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.dat

meret lemma: miért 'why'
form: interrogative

causal/final -ért

lemma: nem 'no'
form: negation particle

eneẏc. lemma: eszik 'eat'
form: 3sg.cond

yſa lemma: isa 'truly'
form: adverb

translation: Verily, on the day when you will eat from that fruit, you die by the death of deaths!

ki lemma: ki 'who'
form: interrogative

nopun lemma: nap 'day'
form: sg.spess

superessive -on

emdul lemma: eszik 'eat'
form: 2sg.fut

archaic future -nd

oz lemma: az 'the'
form: demonstrative

gimilſ_twl. lemma: gyümölcs 'fruit'
form: sg.abl

8: halalnec lemma: halál 'death'
form: sg.dat

halalaal lemma: halál 'death'
form: sg.inst

holȝ. lemma: hal 'die'
form: 2sg.prs

Hadlaua lemma: hall 'hear'
form: 3sg.pst.r

translation: He heard of his doom prepared by God,

choltat lemma: holt 'death, dead'
form: sg.acc.poss-3sg

terumteve lemma: teremt 'create'
form: ve-conv

transcribed as teremté above?
ve-converb/adverbial participle

iſten_tul. lemma: isten 'god'
form: sg.abl

9: ge lemma: de 'and, but'
form: conjunction

translation: but he forgot.

feledeve. lemma: feled 'forget'
form: 3sg.pst.r

Engede lemma: enged 'allow'
form: 3sg.pst.r

translation: He allowed the whispers of the Devil (to pass),

urdung lemma: ördög 'Devil'
form: sg.nom

intetvinec. lemma: intet 'whisper?'
form: sg.dat.poss-3sg

eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

translation: and he ate from the forbidden fruit,

evec lemma: eszik 'eat'
form: 1sg.pst.r

??

lemma: az 'the'
form: particle

tiluvt lemma: tilt 'forbid'
form: ptcp.pst

10: gimilſtwl. lemma: gyümölcs 'fruit'
form: sg.abl

es lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

translation: and he ate the death in the fruit.

lemma: az 'the'
form: particle

gimilſben lemma: gyümölcs 'fruit'
form: sg.iness

halalut lemma: halál 'death'
form: sg.acc

evec. lemma: eszik 'eat'
form: 1sg.pst.r

??

Eſ+ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

translation: And the juice of the fruit was so sour, that his throat was barred.

lemma: az 'the'
form: particle

gimilſnek lemma: gyümölcs 'fruit'
form: sg.dat

vvl lemma: oly 'so'
form: adverb

11: keſeruv lemma: keserű 'sour'
form: sg.nom

uola lemma: van 'be'
form: 3sg.pst.r

viȝe. lemma: víz 'water, juice'
form: sg.nom.poss-3sg

hug lemma: hogy 'that'
form: conjunction

turchucat lemma: torok 'throat'
form: pl.acc

mige_ȝocoȝtia lemma: megszakaszt 'interrupt'
form: 3sg.pst.def

vola. lemma: van 'be'
form: 3sg.pst.r

12: Num lemma: nem 'no'
form: negation particle

translation: Not only for himself,

heon lemma: heon 'only'
form: adverb

muga_nec. lemma: maga 'self'
form: refl.dat

ge lemma: de 'and, but'
form: conjunction

translation: but for the whole his race he ate the doom.

mend lemma: mind 'all'
form: indefinite

w lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.nom

foianec lemma: faj 'kind, species'
form: sg.dat.poss-3sg

halalut lemma: halál 'death'
form: sg.acc

evec. lemma: eszik 'eat'
form: 3sg.pst.r

??

13: Horogu_vec lemma: haragszik 'get angry'
form: 3sg.pst.r

translation: God became angry,

iſten. lemma: isten 'god'
form: sg.nom

eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

translation: and He cast him out into the world of toils,

veteve lemma: vet 'cast'
form: 3sg.pst.r

wt lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.acc

lemma: ez 'this'
form: demonstrative

munkaſ lemma: munkás 'of toil, labor'
form: sg.nom

vilagbele. lemma: világ 'world'
form: sg.ilat

eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

translation: and he became the source (lit. head?) of death and Hell for all of his kind.

levn lemma: lesz 'become'
form: 3sg.pst

14: halalnec lemma: halál 'death'
form: sg.dat

eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

poculnec lemma: pokol 'Hell'
form: sg.dat

feȝe: lemma: fej 'head'
form: sg.nom.poss-3sg

eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

mend lemma: mind 'all'
form: indefinite

w lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.nom

nemenec. lemma: nem (2) 'lineage, race'
form: sg.dat.poss-3sg

Kic lemma: ki 'who'
form: pl.nom

translation: Who are those?

oȝvc. lemma: az 'the'
form: pl.nom

15: miv lemma: mi 'we'
form: 1pl.nom

translation: We are!

vogmuc. lemma: van 'be'
form: 1pl.prs

Hog lemma: hogy 'that'
form: conjunction

translation: As you see with your own eyes:

eſ lemma: is 'too'
form: conjunction

tiv lemma: ti 'you'
form: 2pl.nom

latiatuv lemma: lát 'see'
form: 2pl.prs

ſȝumtuchel. lemma: szem 'eye'
form: sg.inst.poss-2pl

iſa lemma: isa 'truly'
form: adverb

translation: Verily, not a single man can escape the pit,

eſ lemma: is 'too'
form: conjunction

num lemma: nem 'no'
form: negation particle

16: igg lemma: egy 'one'
form: text numeral

ember· lemma: ember 'man'
form: sg.nom

mulchotia lemma: múlhat 'be able to pass'
form: 3sg.prs.obj

lemma: ez 'this'
form: demonstrative

vermut. lemma: verem 'pit'
form: sg.acc

yſa lemma: isa 'truly'
form: adverb

translation: Verily, we all are going there.

mend lemma: mind 'all'
form: indefinite

oȝchuȝ lemma: ahhoz 'to there'
form: lat

iarov lemma: jár 'go'
form: ptcp.prs

17: vogmuc. lemma: van 'be'
form: 1pl.prs

Wimagguc lemma: imád 'pray'
form: 1pl.sub.obj

translation: Let us pray for the mercy of our Lord God for this soul,

sub: subjunctive/imperative

urome lemma: úr 'lord'
form: sg.nom.poss-1pl

iſten lemma: isten 'god'
form: sg.nom

kegilmet lemma: kegyelem 'mercy'
form: sg.acc.poss-3sg

lemma: ez 'this'
form: demonstrative

lelic_ert. lemma: lélek 'soul'
form: sg.caus

causal/final -ért

hug lemma: hogy 'that'
form: conjunction

translation: that He will be compassionate with it, and that He will be merciful,

18: iorgoſſun lemma: irgalmaz 'be compassionate'
form: 3sg.sub

w lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.nom

neki. lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.dat

eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

kegiggen. lemma: kegyelmez 'have mercy'
form: 3sg.sub

eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

translation: and that He will forgive all of its sins.

bulſaſſa lemma: bocsát 'forgive'
form: 3sg.sub.obj

mend lemma: mind 'all'
form: indefinite

w lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.nom

bunet. lemma: bűn 'sin'
form: sg.acc.poss-3sg

19: Eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

translation: And let us pray to Holy Virgin Mary, and the blessed Archangel Michael, and all the angels, to pray for it.

vimagguc lemma: imád 'pray'
form: 1pl.sub.obj

ſȝen lemma: szent 'saint'
form: sg.nom

achſȝin lemma: asszony 'virgin'
form: sg.nom

mariat. lemma: Mária 'Mary'
form: sg.acc

ʿeſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

bovdug lemma: boldog 'happy'
form: sg.nom

michael lemma: Mihály 'Michael'
form: sg.nom

archangelt. lemma: arkangyal 'archangel'
form: sg.acc

20: eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

mend lemma: mind 'all'
form: indefinite

angelcut. lemma: angyal 'angel'
form: pl.acc

hug lemma: hogy 'that'
form: conjunction

uimaggonoc lemma: imád 'pray'
form: 3pl.sub

erette: lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.caus

Eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

translation: And let us pray to lord St. Peter,

uimagguc lemma: imád 'pray'
form: 1pl.sub.obj

21: ſȝent lemma: szent 'saint'
form: sg.nom

peter lemma: Péter
form: sg.nom

urot. lemma: úr 'lord'
form: sg.acc

kinec lemma: ki 'who'
form: pl.nom

translation: to whom was given the power to free and to bind,

odut lemma: ad 'give'
form: 3sg.pst.pass

passive -atik

hotolm lemma: hatalom 'power'
form: sg.nom

ovdonia. lemma: old 'untie, solve'
form: inf.3sg

eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

ketnie. lemma: köt 'bind'
form: inf.3sg

22: hug lemma: hogy 'that'
form: conjunction

translation: that he frees (it) from all of its sins.

ovga lemma: old 'untie, solve'
form: 3sg.sub.obj

mend lemma: mind 'all'
form: indefinite

w lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.nom

bunet. lemma: bűn 'sin'
form: sg.acc.poss-3sg

Eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

translation: And let us pray all the saints,

vimagguc lemma: imád 'pray'
form: 1pl.sub.obj

mend lemma: mind 'all'
form: indefinite

ſȝentucut. lemma: szent 'saint'
form: pl.nom

23: hug lemma: hogy 'that'
form: conjunction

translation: so that they will become its helpers before the face of our Lord,

legenec lemma: lesz 'become'
form: 3pl.sub

neki lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.dat

ſeged lemma: segéd 'help'
form: sg.nom

uromc lemma: úr 'lord'
form: sg.nom.poss-1pl

ſcine lemma: szín 'face, color'
form: sg.nom.poss-3sg

eleut. lemma: előtt 'in front'
form: preposition

hug lemma: hogy 'that'
form: conjunction

translation: so that God, for the sake of their prayer, forgives all of its sins,

iſten lemma: isten 'god'
form: sg.nom

iv lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.nom

ui_madſaguc+ lemma: imádság 'prayer'
form: pl.nom.poss-3pl

mia lemma: miatt 'for the sake of'
form: preposition

24: bulſaſſa lemma: bocsát 'forgive'
form: 3sg.sub.obj

w lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.nom

bunet. lemma: bűn 'sin'
form: sg.acc.poss-3sg

Eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

translation: and that He frees it from the pursuits of the Devil and the torments of Hell,

ȝoboducha lemma: szabadít 'free'
form: 3sg.sub.obj

wt lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.acc

urdung lemma: ördög 'Devil'
form: sg.nom

25: ildetuitvl. lemma: üldetés 'chase'
form: sg.abl.poss-3sg

eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

pucul lemma: pokol 'Hell'
form: sg.nom

kinȝotviatwl. lemma: kínzat 'torture'
form: sg.abl.poss-3sg

eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

translation: and that He leads it to the peace of the Paradise,

veȝeſſe lemma: vezet 'lead'
form: 3sg.sub.obj

wt lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.acc

paradiſū lemma: Paradicsom 'Paradise'
form: sg.nom

26: nugulmabeli. lemma: nyugalom 'peace'
form: sg.ilat.poss-3sg

eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

translation: and that He gives it the way to the Kingdom of Heaven and share in all (of its) goods.

oggun lemma: ad 'give'
form: 3sg.sub

neki lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.dat

munhi lemma: mennyei 'heavenly'
form: sg.nom

uruȝagbele lemma: ország 'land'
form: sg.ilat

utot. lemma: út 'way'
form: sg.acc

eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

27: mend lemma: mind 'all'
form: indefinite

iovben lemma: 'good'
form: sg.iness

reȝet. lemma: rész 'part'
form: sg.acc

Eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

translation: So shout thrice toward our Lord:

keaſſatuc lemma: kiált 'shout'
form: 2pl.sub

uromchuȝ lemma: úr 'lord'
form: sg.alat.poss-1pl

charmul. lemma: hármul 'thrice'
form: adverb

Kirl. lemma: kyros
form: noun

translation: Kyrie eleison!

abbr. for Kyrie eleison

28: Scerelmeſ lemma: szerelmes 'beloved'
form: sg.nom

translation: Beloved brothers, let us pray for the sake of this poor manʹs soul,

bratym lemma: barát 'friend'
form: pl.poss-pl.1sg

uimagom[omuc] lemma: imád 'pray'
form: 1pl.sub

lemma: ez 'this'
form: demonstrative

ſcegin lemma: szegény 'poor'
form: sg.nom

ember· lemma: ember 'man'
form: sg.nom

lilki_ert. lemma: lélek 'soul'
form: sg.caus.poss-3sg

29: kit lemma: ki 'who'
form: interrogative
alt.analysis: sg.acc

translation: whom the Lord saved today from the dungeon of this deceptive world,

vr· lemma: úr 'lord'
form: sg.nom

lemma: ez 'this'
form: demonstrative

nopun lemma: nap 'day'
form: sg.spess

lemma: ez 'this'
form: demonstrative

homuſ lemma: hamis 'false, deceptive'
form: sg.nom

vilag lemma: világ 'world'
form: sg.nom

timnucebelevl lemma: tömlöc 'dungeon'
form: sg.elat.poss-3sg

mente. lemma: ment 'save'
form: 3sg.pst.r

30: kinec lemma: ki 'who'
form: interrogative
alt.analysis: sg.dat

translation: whose body we bury today,

lemma: ez 'this'
form: demonstrative

nopun lemma: nap 'day'
form: sg.spess

teſtet lemma: test 'body'
form: sg.acc

tumetívc. lemma: temet 'bury'
form: 1pl.prs.obj

hug lemma: hogy 'that'
form: conjunction

translation: so that the Lord, by His mercy, places it into the bosom of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob,

ur lemma: úr 'lord'
form: sg.nom

uvt lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.acc

kegilmehel lemma: kegyelem 'mercy'
form: sg.inst.poss-3sg

31: abraam. lemma: Ábrahám 'Abraham'
form: sg.nom

ẏſaac. lemma: Izsák 'Isaac'
form: sg.nom

iacob. lemma: Jákob 'Jacob'
form: sg.nom

kebeleben lemma: kebel 'bosom, breast'
form: sg.iness.poss-3sg

helheȝie: lemma: helyez 'place'
form: 3sg.sub.obj

hug lemma: hogy 'that'
form: conjunction

translation: so that, when the Day of Judgement comes, He allows it to sit among all His saints and chosen ones on His right.

birſag+ lemma: bírság 'judgement, fine'
form: sg.nom

32: nop lemma: nap 'day'
form: sg.nom

ivtua lemma: jut 'arrive'
form: ve-conv

mend lemma: mind 'all'
form: indefinite

w lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.nom

ſȝerntii lemma: szent 'saint'
form: pl.nom.poss-pl.3sg

eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

unuttei lemma: kiválasztott
form: ptcp.pst
alt.analysis: pl.nom.poss-pl.3sg

cuȝicun lemma: között 'among'
form: preposition

iov lemma: jobb 'right'
form: sg.nom.comp

33: felevl lemma: felől 'from'
form: preposition

iochtotnia lemma: iktat 'allow in'
form: inf.3sg

ileȝie lemma: éleszt 'revive'
form: 3sg.sub.obj

Klaniczay: élessze fel

wt. lemma: ő 'he, she, it'
form: 3sg.acc

Eſ lemma: és 'and'
form: conjunction

translation: And (lit. in) us too!

tiv lemma: ti 'you'
form: 2pl.nom

bennetuc. lemma: ti 'you'
form: 2pl.iness

clamate lemma: Clamate
form: Vmmp2pe

translation: Shout thrice:

III. lemma: 3
form: Roman numeral

K. lemma: kyros
form: noun

translation: Kyrie eleison!